High Temperature Oxidation Mode and Transformation Mechanism of Quaternary Co-Ni-Cr-Al Alloys

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00200

Acta Metall Sin

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (7): 947-956 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00200

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High Temperature Oxidation Mode and Transformation Mechanism of Quaternary Co-Ni-Cr-Al Alloys

LV Yunlei¹, REN Yanjie¹^,²(

), FENG Kangkang¹, ZHOU Mengni¹, WANG Wen³, CHEN Jian¹, NIU Yan¹(

)

1 College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410076, China
2 School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
3 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Cite this article:

LV Yunlei, REN Yanjie, FENG Kangkang, ZHOU Mengni, WANG Wen, CHEN Jian, NIU Yan. High Temperature Oxidation Mode and Transformation Mechanism of Quaternary Co-Ni-Cr-Al Alloys. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(7): 947-956.

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Abstract

The addition of Ni to cobalt-based alloys can form the γ′ phase, which can significantly improve their mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation resistance. The oxidation behavior of quaternary Co-20Ni-8Cr-xAl (x = 3 or 5, mass fraction, %) alloys was investigated in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800, 900, 1000, and 1100^oC. Also, the effects of Al and/or Cr contents and temperature on the oxidation properties of the alloys were explored by analyzing the oxidation kinetics of the alloys and the cross-sectional morphology characteristics of the scales, revealing the oxidation mechanism of these alloys. After oxidation, both the alloys formed complex scales with irregular thickness and composition. Alumina scales were generated for each alloy at 800, 900, and 1000^oC and only for Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al at 1100^oC. The increase in temperature from 800^oC to 900^oC has a negative effect on the oxidation resistance, resulting in greatly accelerated oxidation rates. Conversely, that from 1000^oC to 1100^oC has a positive effect on the oxidation of the two alloys, causing a decrease in the oxidation rate. The oxidation rate of the Co-Ni-Cr-Al alloy decreases when the Al content in the alloy is increased from 3% to 5%, but 5% is still not sufficient to form continuous alumina scales. The simultaneous presence of Cr and Al is beneficial to reducing the oxidation rate of the quaternary Co-Ni-Cr-Al alloys compared with the ternary Co-Ni-Al alloy with the same Al content.

Key words: Co-Ni-Cr-Al alloy high temperature oxidation oxidation kinetics protective scale

Received: 27 April 2022

ZTFLH:

TB31

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171066);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51771034);Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2020JJ4610);Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province(CX20200871)

Corresponding Authors: REN Yanjie, professor, Tel: 13657310308, E-mail: yjren@csust.edu.cn;

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	LV Yunlei
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	ZHOU Mengni
	WANG Wen
	CHEN Jian
	NIU Yan

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00200 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2024/V60/I7/947

Table 1 Nominal and actual compositions of Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al alloys

Fig.1 Kinetic curves for the oxidation of the Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al alloys in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800^oC (a, b), 900^oC (c, d), 1000^oC (e, f), and 1100^oC (g, h) for 20 h (t—time; k_p, k_p1, and k_p2—rate constants)
(a, c, e, g) linear plots (b, d, f, h) parabolic plots

Fig.2 Kinetic curves for oxidation of the Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al (a) and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al (b) alloys in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800, 900, 1000, and 1100^oC for 20 h

Fig.3 Cross-sectional morphologies (a, b) and element distributions (c) of Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al alloy oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800^oC for 24 h (Fig.3b is the enlarged view of selected area in Fig.3a; IOZ—internal oxidation zone)

Fig.4 Cross-sectional morphologies of Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al alloy oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 900^oC for 24 h
(a) general view (b) view of a different region

Fig.5 Cross-sectional morphologies of Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al alloy oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 1000^oC (a1, a2) and 1100^oC (b1, b2) for 20 h (Figs.5a2 and b2 are the enlarged views of selected areas in Fig.5a1 and b1, respectively)

Fig.6 Cross-sectional morphologies of Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al alloy oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800^oC (a1, a2) and 900^oC (b1, b2) for 24 h (Figs.6a2 and b2 are the enlarged views of selected areas in Figs.6a1 and b1, respectively)

Fig.7 Cross-sectional morphologies of Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al alloy oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 1000^oC (a1, a2) and 1100^oC (b1, b2) for 20 h (Figs.7a2 and b2 are the enlarged views of selected areas in Figs.7a1 and b1, respectively)

Fig.8 XRD spectra of Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al (a) and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al (b) alloys oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800 and 900^oC for 24 h

Fig.9 XRD spectra of Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al (a) and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al (b) alloys oxidized in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 1000 and 1100^oC for 20 h

Table 2 Oxidation products of four scale types on Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al alloys

Table 3 Classification of the scales grown on the Co-20Ni-8Cr-3Al and Co-20Ni-8Cr-5Al alloys at 800, 900, 1000, and 1100^oC

Fig.10 Comparisons of the kinetic curves for the oxi-dation in 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa O₂ at 800^oC (a), 900^oC (b), and 1000^oC (c) for 20 h of the quaternary Co-20Ni-8Cr-xAl alloys with the corresponding data for the ternary Co-20Ni-xAl^[31] alloys

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