Strengthening Mechanism of 45CrNiMoVA Steel by Pulse Magnetic Treatment
LUAN Xiaosheng1, LIANG Zhiqiang2(), ZHAO Wenxiang2, SHI Guihong1, LI Hongwei3, LIU Xinli3, ZHU Guorong3, WANG Xibin2
1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China 2.Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for Advanced Machining, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China 3.Beijing North Vehicle Group Corporation, Beijing 100072, China
Cite this article:
LUAN Xiaosheng, LIANG Zhiqiang, ZHAO Wenxiang, SHI Guihong, LI Hongwei, LIU Xinli, ZHU Guorong, WANG Xibin. Strengthening Mechanism of 45CrNiMoVA Steel by Pulse Magnetic Treatment. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(10): 1272-1280.
Understanding the mechanism of the effects of magnetization treatment on the mechanical properties of materials for applications in magnetic field-assisted machining and magnetic treatment strengthening is of great significance. Pearlite and tempered martensite 45CrNiMoVA steels were magnetized by a pulsed magnetic field. Nanoindentation experiments were conducted to examine the effects of a pulsed magnetic field on the residual stress, hardness, and elastic modulus. The effect of pulsed magnetic treatment on the microstructure of the magnetic domain was analyzed by measuring the hysteresis loop and via magnetic microscopy. A magnetic pulse treatment could increase the residual compressive stress on the sample surface. The hardness of pearlite and tempered martensite 45CrNiMoVA steel was increased by 1.85% and 1.84%, respectively, after the magnetic pulse treatment. The magnetic pulse treatment had an insignificant effect on the elastic modulus of pearlite 45CrNiMoVA steel but had a considerable effect on tempered martensite 45CrNiMoVA steel. After the magnetic pulse treatment, the elastic modulus of the tempered martensite 45CrNiMoVA steel increased by 4.48%. In the magnetization process, the stress and strain of the micro-region material caused by the movement of the magnetic domains was the main mechanism responsible for strengthening the mechanical properties of 45CrNiMoVA steel.
Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1311100);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975053);Basic Research Program(DEDPHF、DEDPZF、DEDPYDJ)
About author: LIANG Zhiqiang, associate professor, Tel: (010)68911717, E-mail: liangzhiqiang@bit.edu.cn
Fig.1 The microstructures of 45CrNiMoVA steel under different heat treatment conditions
Fig.2 Structure diagram of pulse magnetization processing equipment
Specimen label
Microstructure of specimen
Magnetization state
1
Pearlite
Magnetization
2
Unmagnetized
3
Tempered martensite
Magnetization
4
Unmagnetized
Table 1 Experimental scheme of pulse magnetization treatment for 45CrNiMoVA steel
Fig.3 Typical nanoindentation load-displacement curve (a) and important parameters (b) (h—displacement, P—loading, —maximum load, —maximum displacement, —residual displacement after unloading, —deviation height of contact perimeter, —maximum contact depth)
Fig.4 Nanoindentation curves of magnetized and unmagnetized 45CrNiMoVA steels
Fig.5 The influence of residual stress () on the load displacement curve of nano-indentation (Pi is the indentation load under different stress states)
Fig.6 The surface residual stress changes of magnetized and unmagnetized 45CrNiMoVA steels
Microstructure
Magnetization state
nm
nm
nm
nm2
mN
mN
MPa
P
Unmagnetized
1.73
122.54
1909.31
2031.85
89317820
293.21
5.56
62.2
Magnetization
1.71
125.83
1889.34
2015.17
87458085
298.77
TM
Unmagnetized
1.71
262.41
1994.11
1731.70
73476586
622.51
4.25
57.8
Magnetization
1.76
256.16
1978.27
1722.10
72660224
626.76
Table 2 Calculation results of residual stress based on nanoindentation curves
Fig.7 Changes of hardness of magnetized and unmagnetized 45CrNiMoVA steels
Fig.8 Changes of elastic modulus of magnetized and unmagnetized 45CrNiMoVA steels
Fig.9 Magnetic properties and analysis of 45CrNiMoVA steel
Fig.10 Changes of magnetic domain structures and morphologies of 45CrNiMoVA steel
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