Research Progress of the Surface Modification of Titanium and Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Application
CUI Zhenduo, ZHU Jiamin, JIANG Hui, WU Shuilin, ZHU Shengli()
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
Cite this article:
CUI Zhenduo, ZHU Jiamin, JIANG Hui, WU Shuilin, ZHU Shengli. Research Progress of the Surface Modification of Titanium and Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Application. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(7): 837-856.
Titanium and titanium alloys have widely been used in biomedical applications as main substitutes for hard human tissues. To better meet the needs of safety, comfort, and durability of titanium and titanium alloys after implantation in the human body, the surface modification treatment of titanium and titanium alloys has become a research hotspot. In this review, based on the basic properties and existing problems of titanium and titanium alloys, the methods of surface modification for titanium and titanium alloys are introduced to improve their mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and bacteriostatic/antibacterial properties. Furthermore, the current challenges and prospects have been presented in this paper.
Fig.1 Schematics of the preparation of titanium alloy by arc melting and its application (a) and high temperature gas heat treatment of titanium alloy (b)
Fig.2 Schematics of the preparation of Ti-Mg alloy by spark plasma sintering (a) and laser surface modification of Ti alloy (b)
Fig.3 Schematics of sandblasting, acid etching, and their combination (a), 3D printing (b), and laser surface texturing (c)
Fig.4 Schematics of coatings prepared by plasma spraying (a), coatings prepared by pulsed laser deposition (b), surface modification by anodizing/plasma electrolytic oxidation/micro-arc oxidation (c), and gene therapy (d)
Fig.5 Schematics of superhydrophobic antibacterial (a1), hydrophilic antibacterial (a2), and surface biomimetic structure antibacterial (a3); drugs antibacterial (b1), positively charged materials antibacterial (b2), and metal ions antibacterial (b3)
Fig.6 Schematics of photothermal antibacterial (a), photodynamic antibacterial (b), and photoacoustic antibacterial (c) (ROS—reactive oxygen species, 1O2—singlet oxygen)
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