Research Advances in High Temperature Corrosion of Ni-Cr Alloys in CO2-Rich Environments

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00498

Acta Metall Sin

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (6): 731-742 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00498

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Research Advances in High Temperature Corrosion of Ni-Cr Alloys in CO₂-Rich Environments

XIE Yun¹(

), Zhang Jianqiang², PENG Xiao¹

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia

Cite this article:

XIE Yun, Zhang Jianqiang, PENG Xiao. Research Advances in High Temperature Corrosion of Ni-Cr Alloys in CO₂-Rich Environments. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(6): 731-742.

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Abstract

The thermal power generation industry in China is facing heavy pressure from environmental protection sectors as the “emission peak-carbon neutrality” goal has been proposed. Oxyfuel combustion and operating with high steam parameters are considered promising technologies that can effectively reduce CO₂ emissions from coal-fired power plants. However, using these two technologies, the currently used ferritic/martensitic heat-resistant steels and austenitic stainless steels in traditional boilers cannot meet the requirements of good creep strength and corrosion resistance to hot CO₂-rich gasses. Thus, nickel-based alloys must be considered. Given that flue gasses related to oxyfuel combustion are characterized by high CO₂ concentrations, this work reviews recent research progress on the high-temperature corrosion of Ni-Cr alloys in CO₂-rich gasses. Herein, the effect of CO₂ on protective Cr₂O₃ scale formation is introduced, and the related carburization mechanism caused by CO₂ ingress is clarified. Moreover, the impacts of H₂O(g), SO₂, temperature, and alloying elements on the high temperature resistance of Ni-Cr alloys in CO₂-rich gasses are summarized. Based on the current findings, future research on high-temperature corrosion of Ni-Cr alloys in CO₂-rich gases should focus on the following key points, such as analyzing the microstructure of Cr₂O₃ scales formed in different gasses; elucidating the interaction of CO₂, H₂O(g), and SO₂ molecules with rare earth elements at grain boundaries of oxide scales; and investigating the effect of HCl(g) impurities in CO₂-rich gasses on Cr₂O₃ scaling of Ni-Cr alloys.

Key words: Ni-Cr alloy CO₂-rich environment high temperature corrosion

Received: 27 December 2023

ZTFLH:

TG172.8

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301089);Jiangxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program(20232BBE50007);Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224BAB214018)

Corresponding Authors: XIE Yun, associate professor, Tel: 15827996962, E-mail: yun.xie@nchu.edu.cn

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00498 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2024/V60/I6/731

Fig.1 Cross-sectional SEM images of Ni-30Cr exposed at 650^oC for 310 h in Ar + 20O₂ (a)^[36] and Ar + 20CO₂ (b)^[37] atmospheres (volume fraction, %)

Fig.2 SEM images of carbides precipitated along the grain boundaries in Ni-25Cr (a) and Ni-30Cr (b) exposed at 700^oC for 500 h in Ar + 20CO₂ atmosphere^[37]

Fig.3 Atom probe tomography (APT) images of Cr₂O₃ scale grown on Fe-20Cr exposed at 650^oC in Ar + 20O₂ and subsequently in Ar + 20CO₂^[60]

Fig.4 Cross-sectional SEM images of Ni-15Cr alloy exposed at 650^oC for 310 h in Ar + 20CO₂ (a) and Ar + 20CO₂ + 20H₂O(b), and pure Ni exposed at 650^oC for 150 h in Ar + 20CO₂ (c) and Ar + 20CO₂ + 20H₂O (d)^[42]

Fig.5 Cross-sectional SEM images of Ni-30Cr alloy exposed at 800^oC for 500 h in Ar + 20CO₂ + 20H₂O (a) and Ar + 20CO₂ (b), and cross-sectional BF-TEM images of corresponding scales formed in Ar + 20CO₂ + 20H₂O (c, d) and Ar + 20CO₂ (e) (Fig.5c is the magnified image at the scale-alloy interface formed in Ar + 20CO₂ + 20H₂O)^[75]

T / ^oC	$D ˜ C r$ / (cm²·s^-1)	$N C r (1)$	$N C r (2)$
650	2.6 × 10^-15	0.31	> 0.68
700	1.4 × 10^-14	0.28	0.39
800	2.3 × 10^-13	0.24	0.16

Table 1 Values of

D ˜ C r

N C r (1)

, and

N C r (2)

of Ni-Cr alloys corroded in Ar + 20CO₂ at different temperatures^[36,37,75]

Fig.6 Cross-sectional SEM images of Ni-25Cr alloy exposed at 650^oC (a), 700^oC (b), and 800^oC (c) for 500 h in Ar + 20CO₂^[37]

Fig.7 SEM images of carbide precipitates in Ni-30Cr-2Ti alloy exposed at 700^oC for 20 h (a) and 500 h (b) in Ar + 20CO₂ + 20H₂O^[73]

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