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金属学报  2020, Vol. 56 Issue (6): 863-873    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00352
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热浸镀锌高强汽车板界面组织对其拉伸断裂行为的影响
于家英1, 王华1, 郑伟森1, 何燕霖1(), 吴玉瑞2, 李麟1
1.上海大学材料科学与工程学院 上海 200444
2.上海汽车集团股份有限公司乘用车公司 上海 201804
Effect of the Interface Microstructure of Hot-Dip Galvanizing High-Strength Automobile Steel on Its Tensile Fracture Behaviors
YU Jiaying1, WANG Hua1, ZHENG Weisen1, HE Yanlin1(), WU Yurui2, LI Lin1
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2.Saic Motor Corporation Limited Passenger Vehicle Co. , Shanghai 201804, China
引用本文:

于家英, 王华, 郑伟森, 何燕霖, 吴玉瑞, 李麟. 热浸镀锌高强汽车板界面组织对其拉伸断裂行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(6): 863-873.
Jiaying YU, Hua WANG, Weisen ZHENG, Yanlin HE, Yurui WU, Lin LI. Effect of the Interface Microstructure of Hot-Dip Galvanizing High-Strength Automobile Steel on Its Tensile Fracture Behaviors[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(6): 863-873.

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摘要: 

对3种成分的高强汽车板进行相同的热浸镀锌工艺处理,研究表面氧化物的热力学成因及其对界面层组织的影响,并对不同变形量条件下的拉伸断裂行为进行原位分析。结合微观组织分析与热力学计算可以看出,钢板成分的不同会造成其表面氧化物的形成差异。当Mn2SiO4与SiO2为热力学稳定相时,界面处难以形成连续的Fe2Al5Zn0.4抑制层,锌液与Fe基体反应生成ζ-FeZn13脆性化合物,在拉伸过程中界面易开裂且裂纹会向基体扩展,导致力学性能下降;当少量MnO与Mn2SiO4为热力学稳定相时,形成以Fe2Al5Zn0.4抑制层为主的界面组织,拉伸裂纹在界面产生,而后向Zn层扩展,钢板的拉伸断裂主要由基体的失效所致;而当钢板表面形成大量MnO与FeO亚稳相时,通过铝热还原反应形成的Fe会与锌液接触,使Zn层内部形成脆性Γ-Fe11Zn40相,拉伸裂纹极易在Zn层产生并扩展,而界面未还原的MnO层与基体结合强度较高,拉伸断裂由基体失效所致。

关键词 热浸镀锌高强汽车板界面层组织拉伸断裂原位分析热力学计算    
Abstract

Hot-dip galvanizing is the most economical way to improve the corrosion resistance of advanced high strength automobile steel. With the high trend of developing of automobile steel towards light-weight and high-strength, the contents of Si, Mn, Al alloy elements in steel increase accordingly. These alloy elements would be selectively oxidized during hot-dip galvanizing process, which affect in turn the wettability of steel surface and form different interface microstructures. However, its effect on the mechanical behavior of steel has never been known as clear as desired. Base on this point, the thermodynamics of the surface oxide and its effect on the interface microstructure of three high-strength automobile steels were studied after the same hot-dip galvanizing treatment as well as their tensile fracture behavior under different deformation conditions was in situ analyzed. Combined with the microstructure analysis and thermodynamic calculation, it can be concluded that different compositions of steel would produce different kinds of oxide on its surface. When Mn2SiO4 and SiO2 were formed as thermodynamic stable phases, it was difficult to form a continuous Fe2Al5Zn0.4 inhibition layer at the interface, zinc liquid could penetrate into the iron substrate and then form the brittle phase ζ-FeZn13, where the crack was easily to be obtained and expanded to the substrate, resulting in the decrease of mechanical properties. When MnO and Mn2SiO4 with a small amount were formed as thermodynamic stable phase, the Fe2Al5Zn0.4 inhibition layer can be obtained. Under the tensile stress, this crack generated at the interface and extended to the zinc layer. So, the fracture of the experimental steel was mainly resulted from the failure of substrate. When MnO and FeO were formed as metastable phase, Fe, as formed by aluminothermic reduction during hot-dip galvanizing, would reacted with zinc liquid to form Γ-Fe11Zn40 phase in the zinc layer. The crack generated under the tensile stress and expanded in the zinc layer. Since the unreduced MnO layer at the interface exhibited a higher bonding strength with substrate, tensile fracture of the experimental steel was caused by the failure of substrate.

Key wordshot-dip galvanizing high-strength automobile steel    interface microstructure    tensile fracture    in situ analysis    thermodynamic calculation
收稿日期: 2019-10-21     
ZTFLH:  TQ153.1  
基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0304402)
作者简介: 于家英,男,1995年生,硕士生
Steel No.CMnSiCrAlTiFe
10.122.360.240.510.020.02Bal.
20.222.341.590.020.040.02Bal.
30.283.67--4.99-Bal.
表1  3种高强钢的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)
图1  原位分析时拉伸实验样品尺寸示意图
图2  3种高强钢经HCl、H2SO4腐蚀后的表面形貌及EDS分析
图3  No.1钢在退火温度为870 ℃、露点为+10 ℃热浸镀锌条件下基体/Zn层界面组织的TEM分析
图4  No.2钢在退火温度为870 ℃、露点为+10 ℃热浸镀锌条件下基体/Zn层界面组织的TEM分析
图5  No.3钢在退火温度为870 ℃、露点为+10 ℃热浸镀锌条件下基体/Zn层界面组织的TEM分析
图6  3种高强钢在不同O2分压下的表面氧化物含量
图7  No.1钢拉伸至不同变形量时裂纹扩展的原位分析
图8  No.2钢拉伸至不同变形量时裂纹扩展的原位分析
图9  No.3钢拉伸至不同变形量时裂纹扩展的原位分析
图10  3种高强镀锌板与去锌板的工程应力-工程应变曲线
图11  3种高强镀锌板与去锌板的力学性能
图12  3种高强钢界面组织对其拉伸断裂行为的影响示意图
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