Creep Behavior of Advanced Powder Metallurgy Nickel-Based Superalloys FGH4108 Under Different Stress Conditions

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00153

Acta Metall Sin

2025, Vol. 61

Issue (5): 757-769 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00153

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Creep Behavior of Advanced Powder Metallurgy Nickel-Based Superalloys FGH4108 Under Different Stress Conditions

LI Xinyu¹^,²^,³, BAI Jiaming¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Haopeng²^,³, LI Xiaokun²^,³, JIA Jian²^,³, LIU Changsheng¹, LIU Jiantao²^,³(

), ZHANG Yiwen²^,³(

)

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
2 High Temperature Material Research Institute, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
3 Gaona Aero Material Co. Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

Cite this article:

LI Xinyu, BAI Jiaming, ZHANG Haopeng, LI Xiaokun, JIA Jian, LIU Changsheng, LIU Jiantao, ZHANG Yiwen. Creep Behavior of Advanced Powder Metallurgy Nickel-Based Superalloys FGH4108 Under Different Stress Conditions. Acta Metall Sin, 2025, 61(5): 757-769.

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Abstract

Turbine discs, manufactured using powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloys, serve as critical hot-end components in aviation engines. Considering that the disc rim and hub has to function under different temperatures and stresses, their dual microstructure had been paid close attention. In this study, the coarse- and fine-grained microstructures were obtained by controlling the solution treatment temperature, and the creep behavior of the superalloy at 700 ^oC and under various stresses was investigated. The effect of stress on the creep deformation mechanism and fracture behavior of the alloy was investigated via SEM and TEM. In the coarse-grained microstructure, the creep deformation mechanism at 780 MPa was primarily isolated by stacking faults and microtwin shearing, while the stress increased to 900 MPa, the extended stacking fault shearing and microtwinning jointly dominated creep deformation. Nevertheless, within the stress range of 780-900 MPa, the creep deformation mechanism remained consistent in the fine-grained structure, which was characterized by the coexistence of extended stacking fault shearing and microtwinning. In addition, this study indicated that the grain boundaries exhibited a diminishing promotion effect on the minimum creep rate as the applied stress increased for both grain microstructures. The high stress sensitivity of the experimental alloy resulted in the occurrence of twinning with elevated stress levels. This phenomenon accelerated plastic deformation, resulting in an increased creep rate. Moreover, the creep fracture source zone was predominantly an intergranular fracture, whereas the propagation region was predominantly a transgranular fracture in both grain microstructures. The tendency for intergranular fracture in coarse-grained microstructures decreased with the increase in the creep stress level, vice versa was observed in fine-grained microstructures.

Key words: powder metallurgy superalloy creep rupture stress stacking fault microtwin

Received: 06 April 2023

ZTFLH:

TF125.5

Fund: National Science and Technology Major Project(2017-VI-0008-0078);Project of Gaona Aero Material Co. Ltd(KZKJ02-GN0J-22012)

Corresponding Authors: LIU Jiantao, professor, Tel: (010)62182925, E-mail: ljtsuperalloys@sina.com;
ZHANG Yiwen, professor, Tel: (010)62186736, E-mail: yiwen64@cisri.cn

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	Articles by authors
	LI Xinyu
	BAI Jiaming
	ZHANG Haopeng
	LI Xiaokun
	JIA Jian
	LIU Changsheng
	LIU Jiantao
	ZHANG Yiwen

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00153 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2025/V61/I5/757

Fig.1 Geometry of creep sample (unit: mm)

Fig.2 Initial microstructures of the nickel-based powder metallurgy superalloy FGH4108
(a, b) low (a) and high (b) magnification backscattered secondary electron images of the coarse grain sample (c, d) low (c) and high (d) magnification backscattered secondary electron images of the fine grain sample (e) EDS analysis of the marked position in Fig.2c (f) TEM image of the η phase and its selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern (inset)

Table 1 Sizes and volume fractions of precipitates in the coarse grain and fine grain samples

Fig.3 Equivalent particle size distributions of γ' phase in the coarse grain (a-c) and fine grain (d-f) samples
(a, d) primary γ' phase (b, e) secondary γ' phase (c, f) tertiary γ' phase

Fig.4 Creep properties of the coarse grain (a, b) and fine grain (c, d) samples under different stress conditions at 700 ^oC
(a, c) creep plastic strain curve (b, d) creep rate curve

Sample	Stress MPa	$ε ˙ m$ s^-1	First stage				Second stage				Third stage
Sample	Stress MPa	$ε ˙ m$ s^-1	ε₁ %	ε₁ / ε %	t₁ h	t₁ / t_r %	ε₂ %	ε₂ / ε %	t₂ h	t₂ / t_r %	ε₃ %	ε₃ / ε %	t₃ h	t₃ / t_r %
Coarse grain	900	1.02 × 10^-7	0.7	29.1	14.2	23.2	1.7	70.8	47.0	76.8	-	-	-	-
	810	2.19 × 10^-8	0.3	12.5	17.0	6.8	2.1	87.5	233.0	93.2	-	-	-	-
	780	8.15 × 10^-9	0.5	10.2	145.5	14.8	0.6	12.2	166.3	16.9	3.8	77.6	670.2	68.2
Fine grain	900	7.77 × 10^-7	1.1	23.4	3.8	27.1	0.7	14.9	2.4	17.1	2.9	61.7	7.8	55.7
	810	9.53 × 10^-8	0.6	6.9	15.6	14.9	0.9	10.3	18.9	18.0	7.2	82.8	70.5	67.1
	780	7.61 × 10^-8	0.4	9.3	11.6	13.4	0.4	9.3	13.7	15.8	3.5	81.4	61.5	70.8

Table 2 Minimum creep rates (

ε ˙ m

) and strains and time of creep stages of the coarse grain and fine grain samples at 700 ^oC

Fig.5 TEM image showing the dislocation configurations of the coarse grain sample (a), low (b) and high (c, d) magnification images of the substructural morphologies near η phase in fine grain sample under 700 ^oC and 900 MPa
(a, b) bright field images (c, d) bright field (c) and dark field (d) images of the partially enlarged zone in Fig.5b

Fig.6 Bright field TEM images of stacking faults in the coarse grain sample under different creep stresses at 700 ^oC
(a) 780 MPa (b) 810 MPa (c) 900 MPa

Fig.7 Dark field TEM images (a-c) and density analyses (d-f) of microtwins in coarse grain sample at 700 ^oC under creep stresses of 780 MPa (a, d), 810 MPa (b, e), and 900 MPa (c, f) (<011> zone axis. Insets in Figs.7a-c show the corresponding SAED patterns. Line 1-line 3 show analyzing directions for analyzing microtwin density)

Fig.8 TEM images of the stacking fault (near the <001> zone axis) (a) and microtwin (<011> zone axis) (b) in the fine grain sample at 700 ^oC and 780 MPa (Inset in Fig.8a shows the dark field TEM image of extended stacking faults. Insets in Fig.8b show the dark field TEM image and corresponding SAED pattern)

Fig.9 OM images showing the macroscopic fracture morphologies of coarse grain (a-c) and fine grain (d-f) samples under creep stresses of 780 MPa (a, d), 810 MPa (b, e), and 900 MPa (c, f) at 700 ^oC (Positions 1, 2, and 3 indicate the source region, expansion region, and shear region of the rupture section, respectively)

Table 3 Area ratios of the crack source region and expansion region of the creep fracture under different stress conditions at 700 ^oC

Fig.10 SEM images showing the fracture surface of the fracture source regions of the coarse grain (a-c) and fine grain (d-f) samples under creep stresses of 780 MPa (a, d), 810 MPa (b, e), and 900 MPa (c, f) at 700 ^oC (Insets in Figs.10a and d show the enlarged images of square areas)

Fig.11 SEM images showing the fracture surface of the fracture expansion regions of the coarse grain (a-c) and fine grain (d-f) samples under creep stresses of 780 MPa (a, d), 810 MPa (b, e), and 900 MPa (c, f) at 700 ^oC

Fig.12 Stress sensitivity indexes (n) of the coarse grain and fine grain samples (σ—applied stress, R—relevance of the data)

Fig.13 SEM image of grain boundaries after creep rupture of the coarse grain sample at 700 ^oC and 780 MPa (Inset shows the enlarged image)

Fig.14 Schematic of the relationship between the creep rate and the equal strength temperature (T_E) of the coarse grain and fine grain samples

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