Austenite Grain Growth Behavior of Vanadium Microalloying Medium Manganese Martensitic Wear-Resistant Steel

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00560

Acta Metall Sin

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (12): 1589-1599 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00560

Research paper

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Austenite Grain Growth Behavior of Vanadium Microalloying Medium Manganese Martensitic Wear-Resistant Steel

HAN Ruyang¹, YANG Gengwei¹(

), SUN Xinjun², ZHAO Gang¹, LIANG Xiaokai², ZHU Xiaoxiang¹

^1.State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
^2.Department of Structrual Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100053, China

Cite this article:

HAN Ruyang, YANG Gengwei, SUN Xinjun, ZHAO Gang, LIANG Xiaokai, ZHU Xiaoxiang. Austenite Grain Growth Behavior of Vanadium Microalloying Medium Manganese Martensitic Wear-Resistant Steel. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(12): 1589-1599.

Download:

HTML

PDF(5875KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Medium manganese martensitic wear-resistant steel is a new type of wear-resistant steel with high hardenability and hardness; moreover, the controlling austenite grain size is of great significance for improving its comprehensive properties. In this study, the austenite growth behavior of vanadium microalloying medium manganese martensitic wear-resistant steel was systematically investigated using the Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation testing machine, OM, and HRTEM. The morphology, size, and particle size distribution of the second phase particles at different heating temperatures and holding times were analyzed. The influence of second phase particles on the growth behavior in austenite was also revealed. The results showed that the ultra-fine austenite grains with grain size of 3.98 μm were obtained when the sample was held at 820^oC for 10 s. After holding for 3600 s, the average grain size of austenite only increased by 1.47 μm, and the austenite grains showed a strong ability to resist coarsening at 820^oC. This could be attributed to the fine V(C, N) particles which could pin the austenite grain boundary and inhibit the growth of austenite grains. Furthermore, when reheating temperatures and holding times increase, the dissolution and coarsening of V(C, N) particles lead to the decrease of pining ability and then to the rapid growth of austenite. A new Sellars model with a time index was used to establish austenite growth model using a new method with a predetermined error function. The accuracy of the prediction for austenite grain sizes with new Sellars model was greatly improved compared with the traditional Beck model.

Key words: medium manganese martensitic wear-resistant steel V(C, N) precipitation pinning pressure grain growth austenitic grain growth model

Received: 14 December 2021

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0305100);Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2020BAB057)

About author: YANG Gengwei, associate professor, Tel: (027)68862085, E-mail: yanggengwei@wust.edu.cn

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	（）
	Articles by authors
	Ruyang HAN
	Gengwei YANG
	Xinjun SUN
	Gang ZHAO
	Xiaokai LIANG
	Xiaoxiang ZHU

URL:

https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00560 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2022/V58/I12/1589

Fig.1 Schematic of rolling and heat treatment process of sample (A_c3—austenite formation finish temperature )

Fig.2 OM images of samples after heating at different temperatures holding for 3600 s
(a) 820^oC (b) 850^oC (c) 880^oC (d) 900^oC (e) 950^oC (f) 1000^oC

Fig.3 Variation of the average grain size of austenite with heating temperature

Fig.4 OM images of samples at 820^oC (a-c) and 950^oC (d-f) with different holding time
(a, d) 10 s (b, e) 600 s (c, f) 1800 s

Fig.5 Variations of the average grain size of austenite in samples with holding time at different heating temperatures

Fig.6 TEM images and EDS analysis (inset) of second phase particles of samples at different heating temperatures for 600 s
(a) 820^oC (b) 850^oC (c) 900^oC (d) 950^oC

Fig.7 Low (a, d) and high (b, e) magnified HRTEM images, and corresponding fast Fourier transformation (FFT) diffractograms (c, f) of the spherical (a-c) and short claviform (d-f) second phase particles (d₍_hkl₎—interplanar spacing of (hkl), a—lattice parameter)

Fig.8 HRTEM images of second phase particles of samples at different heating temperatures for 1800 s (a-d) and 3600 s (e-h)
(a, e) 820^oC (b, f) 850^oC (c, g) 900^oC (d, h) 950^oC

Fig.9 Variations of the average size of V(C, N) with heating temperatures in the samples

Fig.10 Particle numbers in each square micron and grain diameter distributions of second phase particles at different temperatures for 600 s, 1800 s, and 3600 s
(a) 820^oC (b) 850^oC (c) 900^oC (d) 950^oC

Table 1 Volume fractions of second phase particles of samples after holding at different heating temperatures for 600 s, 1800 s, and 3600 s

Fig.11 Relationships between pinging pressure and different temperatures

Fig.12 Relationships between errow function (S_error(_n₎) and growth index (n) at different temperature stages
(a) 820-880^oC (b) 900-1000^oC

Fig.13 Relationship of ln(D $t n$ - D $0 n$ ) with lnt linearly fitted (a, b) and 1 / T linearly fitted (c, d) at various heating temperature ranges (D_t —average grain size, D₀—initial grain size, t—holding time, T—heating temperature)
(a, c) 820-880^oC (b, d) 900-1000^oC

Fig.14 Comparisons between predicted and measured grain sizes for different austenite growth models(a) modified Sellars model (b) Beck model

1	Gramlich A, Schmiedl T, Schönborn S, et al. Development of air-hardening martensitic forging steels [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2020, A784: 139321
2	Yan X C, Hu J, Yu H, et al. Unraveling the significant role of retained austenite on the dry sliding wear behavior of medium manganese steel [J]. Wear, 2021, 476: 203745
3	Sun R M, Xu W H, Wang C Y, et al. Wear resistant of new type medium manganese high strength Martensite steel [J]. Iron Steel, 2012, 47: 64
	孙荣民, 徐文欢, 王存宇等. 新型中锰马氏体高强度钢的耐磨性能 [J]. 钢铁, 2012, 47: 64
4	Luo K S, Bai B Z. Microstructure, mechanical properties and high stress abrasive wear behavior of air-cooled MnCrB cast steels [J]. Mater. Des., 2010, 31: 2510 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.040
5	Gramlich A, Middleton A, Schmidt R, et al. On the influence of vanadium on air-hardening medium manganese steels for sustainable forging products [J]. Steel Res. Int., 2021, 92: 2000592
6	Pei Z Z, Song R B, Ba Q N, et al. Dimensionality wear analysis: Three-body impact abrasive wear behavior of a martensitic steel in comparison with Mn13Cr2 [J]. Wear, 2018, 414-415: 341 doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2018.09.002
7	Deng X T, Wang Z D, Tian Y, et al. An investigation of mechanical property and three-body impact abrasive wear behavior of a 0.27%C dual phase steel [J]. Mater. Des., 2013, 49: 220 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.01.024
8	Mondal J, Das K, Das S. An investigation of mechanical property and sliding wear behaviour of 400HV grade martensitic steels [J]. Wear., 2020, 458-459: 203436
9	Beck P A, Holzworth M L, Hu H. Instantaneous rates of grain growth [J]. Phys. Rev., 1948, 73: 526 doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.73.526
10	Sellars C M, Whiteman J A. Recrystallization and grain growth in hot rolling [J]. Met. Sci., 1979, 13: 187
11	Uhm S, Moon J, Lee C, et al. Prediction Model for the austenite grain size in the coarse grained heat affected zone of Fe-C-Mn steels: Considering the effect of initial grain size on isothermal growth behavior [J]. ISIJ. Int., 2004, 44: 1230 doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.44.1230
12	Staśko R, Adrian H, Adrian A. Effect of nitrogen and vanadium on austenite grain growth kinetics of a low alloy steel [J]. Mater. Charact., 2006, 56: 340 doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2005.09.012
13	Yang G W, Sun X J, Li Z D, et al. Effects of vanadium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a high strength low alloy martensite steel [J]. Mater. Des., 2013, 50: 102 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.03.019
14	Yang G W, Sun X J, Yong Q L, et al. Austenite grain refinement and isothermal growth behavior in a low carbon vanadium microalloyed steel [J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2014, 21: 757 doi: 10.1016/S1006-706X(14)60138-2
15	Sha Q Y, Sun Z Q. Grain growth behavior of coarse-grained austenite in a Nb-V-Ti microalloyed steel [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2009, A523: 77
16	Moon J, Lee C, Uhm S, et al. Coarsening kinetics of TiN particle in a low alloyed steel in weld HAZ: Considering critical particle size [J]. Acta Mater., 2006, 54: 1053 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.037
17	Moon J, Kim S, Lee J, et al. Coarsening behavior of the (Ti, Nb)(C, N) complex particle in a microalloyed steel weld heat-affected zone considering the critical particle size [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2007, 38A: 2788
18	Dong J, Liu C X, Liu Y C, et al. Effects of two different types of MX carbonitrides on austenite growth behavior of Nb-V-Ti microalloyed ultra-high strength steel [J]. Fusion. Eng. Des., 2017, 125: 415 doi: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.05.084
19	Maalekian M, Radis R, Militzer M, et al. In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel [J]. Acta Mater., 2012, 60: 1015 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.11.016
20	Zhang Y, Li X H, Liu Y C, et al. Study of the kinetics of austenite grain growth by dynamic Ti-rich and Nb-rich carbonitride dissolution in HSLA steel: In-situ observation and modeling [J]. Mater. Charact., 2020, 169: 110612
21	Yan B Y, Liu Y C, Wang Z J, et al. The effect of precipitate evolution on austenite grain growth in RAFM Steel [J]. Materials, 2017, 10: 1017 doi: 10.3390/ma10091017
22	Militzer M, Hawbolt E B, Ray Meadowcroft T, et al. Austenite grain growth kinetics in Al-killed plain carbon steels [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 1996, 27A: 3399
23	Pellissier G E. Stereology and Quantitative Metallography [M]. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1972: 129
24	Ma H X, Li Y G. Measurement of size distribution and volume fraction of precipitates in silicon steel [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2002, 20: 328 doi: 10.1016/0921-5107(93)90249-M
	马红旭, 李友国. 硅钢中析出物的尺寸分布以及体积分数的测定 [J]. 材料科学与工程, 2002, 20: 328
25	Dang S E, Su Z N, Liu Z L, et al. Austenite grain growth behavior during heating process of as-cast 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel [J]. Chin. J. Mater. Res., 2014, 28: 675 doi: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.024
	党淑娥, 宿展宁, 刘志龙等. 30Cr2Ni4MoV钢铸态加热过程中奥氏体晶粒的长大行为 [J]. 材料研究学报, 2014, 28: 675 doi: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.024
26	Xu Y, Liu J S, Zhao Y, et al. Austenite grain growth kinetics and mechanism of grain growth in 12Cr ultra-super-critical rotor steel [J]. Philos. Mag., 2021, 101: 77 doi: 10.1080/14786435.2020.1821113
27	Ji G, Gao X H, Liu Z G, et al. In situ observation and modeling of austenite grain growth in a Nb-Ti-bearing high carbon steel [J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2019, 26: 292 doi: 10.1007/s42243-018-0083-6
28	Liu Z B, Tu X, Wang X H, et al. Carbide dissolution and austenite grain growth behavior of a new ultrahigh-strength stainless steel [J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2020, 27: 732 doi: 10.1007/s42243-020-00429-6

[1]	ZHANG Xiaoli, FENG Li, YANG Yanhong, ZHOU Yizhou, LIU Guiqun. Influence of Secondary Orientation on Competitive Grain Growth of Nickel-Based Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(7): 969-978.
[2]	SUN Zhengyang, WANG Yutian, LIU Wenbo. Phase-Field Simulation of the Interaction Between Pore and Grain Boundary[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(12): 1643-1653.
[3]	Jincheng WANG, Chunwen GUO, Junjie LI, Zhijun WANG. Recent Progresses in Competitive Grain Growth During Directional Solidification[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(5): 657-668.
[4]	Feng LIU, Linke HUANG, Yuzeng CHEN. Concurrence of Phase Transition and Grain Growth in Nanocrystalline Metallic Materials[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(11): 1525-1536.
[5]	Yajun HUI,Hui PAN,Wenyuan LI,Kun LIU,Bin CHEN,Yang CUI. Study on Heating Schedule of 1000 MPa Grade Nb-Ti Microalloyed Ultra-High Strength Steel[J]. 金属学报, 2017, 53(2): 129-139.
[6]	Jianguo WANG,Dong LIU,Yanhui YANG. MECHANISMS OF NON-UNIFORM MICROSTRUC-TURE EVOLUTION IN GH4169 ALLOYDURING HEATING PROCESS[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52(6): 707-716.
[7]	ZHANG Hang, XU Qingyan, SHI Zhenxue, LIU Baicheng. NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DENDRITE GRAIN GROWTH OF DD6 SUPERALLOY DURING DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION PROCESS[J]. 金属学报, 2014, 50(3): 345-354.
[8]	ZHOU Deqiang, LIU Xiongjun, WU Yuan, WANG Hui, LV Zhaoping. RECRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR AND ITS INFLU- ENCES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ALUMINA-FORMING AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS[J]. 金属学报, 2014, 50(10): 1217-1223.
[9]	WU Yan, ZONG Yaping,ZHANG Xiangang. MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE AZ31 MAGNESIUM ALLOY BY PHASE FIELD SIMULATION[J]. 金属学报, 2013, 49(7): 789-796.
[10]	ZHANG Zhuanzhuan WU Chuansong Gao Jinqiang. PREDICTION OF GRAIN GROWTH IN HYBRID WELDING HAZ OF TCS STAINLESS STEEL[J]. 金属学报, 2012, 48(2): 199-204.
[11]	ZHOU Guangzhao WANG Yongxin CHEN Zheng. PHASE–FIELD METHOD SIMULATION OF THE EFFECT OF HARD PARTICLES WITH DIFFERENT SHAPES ON TWO–PHASE GRAIN GROWTH[J]. 金属学报, 2012, 48(2): 227-234.
[12]	CHEN Weiye TONG Weiping ZHANG Hui ZHAO Xiang ZUO Liang. TEXTURE EVOLUTION AND GROWTH OF DIFFERENTLY SIZED GRAINS IN IF STEEL DURING ANNEALING[J]. 金属学报, 2010, 46(9): 1055-1060.
[13]	FU Liming SHAN Aidang WANG Wei. EFFECT OF Nb SOLUTE DRAG AND NbC PRECIPITATE PINNING ON THE RECRYSTALLIZATION GRAIN GROWTH IN LOW CARBON Nb-MICROACLOYED STEEL[J]. 金属学报, 2010, 46(7): 832-837.
[14]	ZHOU Yizhou JIN Tao SUN Xiaofeng. STRUCTURE EVOLUTION IN DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED BICRYSTALS OF NICKEL BASE SUPERALLOYS[J]. 金属学报, 2010, 46(11): 1327-1334.
[15]	HAN Lizhan CHEN Ruikai GU Jianfeng PAN Jiansheng. BEHAVIOR OF AUSTENITE GRAIN GROWTH IN X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 FERRITE HEAT-RESISTANT STEEL[J]. 金属学报, 2009, 45(12): 1446-1450.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed