Reconstruction and Characterization of Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of X80 Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00562

Acta Metall Sin

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (6): 801-810 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00562

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Reconstruction and Characterization of Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of X80 Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

Yadong LI¹,Qiang LI²,Xiao TANG¹,Yan LI¹(

)

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
2. College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China

Cite this article:

Yadong LI,Qiang LI,Xiao TANG,Yan LI. Reconstruction and Characterization of Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of X80 Pipeline Steel Welded Joints. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(6): 801-810.

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Abstract

Welding is widely used for pipeline connection. Composition, microstructures and properties of the welded joints are highly heterogeneous and the resultant corrosion such as galvanic corrosion between different parts is widely present and influence the long-time service and safety. In this sense, the fundamental research in the electrochemical behavior of such joint parts is required. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of simulated X80 steel welded joint, accurately modeled by wire beam electrode (WBE) technique, was investigated by classical electrochemical techniques and microelectrode array (MEA) technique. A new index, namely the galvanic corrosion intensity factor, was proposed and verified to succeed in characterizing the degree of galvanic corrosion. Results showed that microstructure of granular bainite mixed with ferrite showed the highest positive open circuit potential and lowest polarization resistance. Furthermore, the corrosion tendency of the isolated electrodes that constituted the X80 steel welded joint was found to increase in the following order: fine grain heat affected zone (FGHAZ) < intercritical heat affected zone (ICHAZ) < base metal (BM) < coarse grain heat affected zone (CGHAZ) < weld metal (WM). Due to the difference in potential and the polarization characteristics, the WM displayed the highest polarization resistance but the most positive current density. The CGHAZ possessed a lower polarization resistance and a higher positive current density. In comparison, the FGHAZ and ICHAZ performed a lower polarization resistance but higher negative current densities. The WM and CGHAZ acted as the main anode, while the FGHAZ and ICHAZ acted as the main cathode and the galvanic current polarity of some BM electrodes changed with time during the immersion test. The intensity of galvanic corrosion of simulated X80 steel welded joint plateaued with immersion time. The results revealed that WM and CGHAZ were the weak links in the simulated X80 pipeline steel welded joints during its long-term service.

Key words: pipeline steel welded joint galvanic corrosion microelectrode array reconstruction

Received: 24 December 2018

ZTFLH:

TG172

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41676071);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.18CX05021A)

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	Yadong LI
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	Xiao TANG
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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00562 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2019/V55/I6/801

Fig.1 Schematics of accurate modeling of the welded joint (BM—base metal, HAZ—heat affected zone, WM—weld metal)

Fig.2 Microstructures of X80 steel (AF—acicular ferrite, MF—massive ferrite, QF—quasi-polygonal ferrite, M-A—

Fig.3 Open circuit potential (OCP) distribution of X80 steel welded joint

Fig.4 Nyquist diagram (a) and Bode plots (b) of X80 steel welded joint in NACE solution saturated with CO₂ (NACE—national association of corrosion engineers)

Fig.5 Equivalent circuit for fitting EIS data (R_s—solution resistance, CPE_f—capacitance of corrosion scale, R_pore—resistance of defects, C_dl—double layer capacitance, R_p—polarization resistance, R_L—inductive resistance, L—inductance)

Table 1 Fitting results of the EIS of X80 steel welded joint in NACE solution saturated with CO₂

Fig.6 Polarization resistance of X80 steel welded joint at different immersion time

Fig.7 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of X80 steel welded joint

Fig.8 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of X80 steel (a), ICHAZ (b), FGHAZ (c), CGHAZ (d) and WM (e)

Table 2 Electrochemical parameters fitted from potentiodynamic polarization curves

Fig.10 Galvanic current density (i_g) distribution of simulated welded joint

Fig.11 Galvanic effect (γ) of main anode and secondary anode in simulated welded joint at different immersion time

Fig.12 Values of galvanic corrosion intensity factor (g) and normalized maximum galvanic current density (i_g,max) calculated from galvanic current as a function of time

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