Effect of Interfacial Energy on Distribution of Nanoparticle in the Melt During the Preparation of Fe-Based ODS Alloys by Thermite Reaction
Jianxue LIU, Wenjun XI(), Neng LI, Shujie LI
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Cite this article:
Jianxue LIU, Wenjun XI, Neng LI, Shujie LI. Effect of Interfacial Energy on Distribution of Nanoparticle in the Melt During the Preparation of Fe-Based ODS Alloys by Thermite Reaction. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(8): 1011-1017.
Fe-based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys are conventionally manufactured through mechanical alloying. Such route even involves an expensive milling step but the oxide surface still could not avoid being contaminated. This work developed a new method by combination of thermite reaction and rapid solidification (RS) to prepare ODS alloys. Attributing to the optimization of thermite mixture composition, nanoparticle α-Al2O3 was synthetized in situ and the molten alloy was modulated by spinodal decomposition (SD) into Fe, Cr-rich and Ni, Al-rich regions. During the cooling of the melt, the low interfacial energy between α-Al2O3 and Ni, Al-rich region was also considered in the process for nanoparticles α-Al2O3 to assemble into NiAl, thus they could uniformly distribute in matrix. This work focuses on the thermodynamic analysis of SD in the melt alloy and the speed of the nanoparticles α-Al2O3 under the influence of interfacial energy and Brownian motion. Experiment results shows that the spherical NiAl segregated by SD has a mean diameter of about 50 nm, whose volume fraction reaches up to 50%; and nanoparticle α-Al2O3, formed during thermite reaction, has a diameter of 5 nm combined into NiAl under the influence of interfacial energy. Computation results indicate that, driven by interfacial energy and Brownian motion, nanoparticle α-Al2O3 could move fast enough into Ni, Al-rich region before solidification accomplishes during RS. Test results imply that the tensile strength of Fe-based ODS alloy is 602 MPa with ultimate elongation of 21% and its mass gain under 1000 ℃ in air for 100 h is 0.4 mg/cm2.
Fig.2 XRD spectrum of Fe-based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy synthesized by thermite reaction process
Fig.3 Low (a) and high (b) magnified TEM images, HRTEM image (c) and SAED pattern (d) of Fe-based ODS alloys synthesized by thermite reaction process
Fig.4 Schematic of simplified motion diagram of nanoparticle Al2O3
Material
Yield strength
Ultimate tensile
ultimate
Mass gain
Ref.
MPa
strength / MPa
elongation / %
mgcm-2
MA956
493
591
28.5
0.3
[32, 33]
PM2000
870
890
13
0.4
[34~36]
MA754 (Ni-based)
688
1052
23
0.8
[37, 38]
Fe-based ODS alloy
394
602
21
0.4
This work
Table 1 Tensile strength and mass gain after oxidation of Fe-based ODS alloy synthesized by thermite reaction process with respect to some commercial ODS alloys
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