ISSN 0412-1961
CN 21-1139/TG
Started in 1956

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    AN INVESTIGATION OF DEOXIDATION PROCESSES IN THE SMELTING OF RAIL-STEEL
    LEE HSUN;WANG YEE-KANG;WANG CHIN-FE;LIU WEN-LI Institute of Metal Research;Academia Sinica
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 1-12. 
    Abstract   PDF (2483KB) ( 515 )
    Experiments were carried out with a view to ascertaining the most suitabledeoxidation process for basic open-hearth smelting of rail-steel in Anshan works.Itwas found that the amount of oxides inclusions in finished rails was definitely lessif preliminary deoxidation was carried out before tapping,the best results being ob-tained when manganese-silicon alloy alone was used as deoxidizer.Similar rails madefrom heats without preliminary deoxidation were found to contain almost twice theamount of oxides inclusions.The sulphur content of the above rail-steel usually amounted to 0.03-0.04%,theamount of sulphides inclusions is at least equal to,or sometimes double,the amountof oxides inclusions.In such cases sulphides rather than oxides inclusions play thedetermining role for the mechanical properties of the finished rails.As a matter offact,no appreciable difference was observed for rails made by different deoxidationprocesses.Data concerning the size and shape of oxides inclusions in rails made by differentdeoxidation processes have been discussed,and it is pointed out that only in certainspecial cases could the oxygen content of liquid steel prior to tapping provide aqualitative estimation of the amount of oxides inclusions in finished steel products.
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    QUALITY OF LADLE-DEOXIDIZED RAIL STEEL
    CHEN LIANG;CHANG CHUN-MING AND SHAO HSIANG-HWA Anshan Iron & Steel Corporation
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 13-16. 
    Abstract   PDF (402KB) ( 457 )
    The quality of rail steel deoxidized in ladle was compared with the quality ofthat deoxidized in furnace.Results show that(1)the contents of oxide inclusions asdetermined by electrolytic separation are virtually the same in both cases,(2)there isno difference in tensile and impact properties,and(3)the fatigue property of actualrails is somewhat better in the case of ladle-deoxidized steel.
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    ROLLING TEXTURES AND RECRYSTALLIZATION TEXTURES IN IRON SILICON ALLOYS
    CHEN NENG-KUAN Institute of Applied Physics;Academia Sinica;LIU CHANG-LU Harbin Military Engineering College
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 30-46. 
    Abstract   PDF (1860KB) ( 523 )
    Rolling textures and recrystallization textures have been studied in iron siliconalloys containing silicon 4.15%,2.9% and 3.35% respectively.X-ray pole figures haveshown that rolling textures can be described as(001)[110],(112)[110]and(111)[112]in all alloys after cold reductions greater than 60%.Upon annealing,recrystalli-zation textures are as follows:(001)[110]with a rotation of 0°-30° about[001]axis,(111)[112]and(110)[001].The mechanism of formation of recrystallization textures has been investigated bysuccessive stages of annealing.The following conclusions have been obtained:1)The(100)[110]texture having a rotation of 0°-30° about[001]axis wasdeveloped through the process of“recrystallization-in-situ”.2)Since the intensity of(110)[001]annealing texture seemed to vary in cor-respondence with the intensity of(111)[112]rolling texture,the mechanism of(110)[001]formation could be considered preferably from the point of view of“orientednucleation”hypothesis.3)There existed a definite sequence of disappearance of the various rolling texturecomponents,the(111)[112]texture disappeared first and the(001)[110]last.Thisobservation is in agreement with what has been found in single crystals of iron silicon.However,it is shown that this capability of recrystallization does not depend on therelative amount of the given rolling texture present,rather it depends on the type ofthe given texture itself.
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    A STUDY OF THE TEXTURES OF ARMCO IRON BY MAGNETIC TORQUE METHOD
    TAI LI-CHI(L.C.TAI)AND WANG CHIEN-KANG Iron and Steel Research Institute
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 47-54. 
    Abstract   PDF (522KB) ( 488 )
    The rolling and recrystallization textures of armco iron are measured by magnetictorque method.Samples after hot-rolling are then cold rolled in three different ways;i.e.,thepercentages of the cold reduction are(i)73,(ii)65 and(iii)22.The class Ⅰ andclass Ⅲ material are annealed for one hour either at 700° or 850℃,and then givena second cold roll,the reduction of class Ⅰ material being this time 65 per cent andclass Ⅲ material being 55 per cent.All these samples in these three categories aregiven a final anneal at 870℃ in hydrogen for ten hours.The textures of the samples through one cycle of cold rolling are determined as(100)[011]and(112)[110].The textures of the material through two cycles ofcold rolling,with an intermediate anneal,are mainly(112)[110].The final annealedsamples with the possible exception of the class Ⅲ are estimated as having textures(110)[001]and(110)[001]+(100)[001].
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    FORMATION OF ANNEALING TWINS IN α-IRON
    CHUANG YU-CHIH AND WU CHEUNG-HUNG Institute of Metal Research;Academia Sinica
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 55-61. 
    Abstract   PDF (2397KB) ( 647 )
    Twin formation associated with grain boundary migration in recrystallized armcoiron has been studied by the method of vacuum etching.No noticable substructureswere observed after recrystallization at 750℃ for 5 hours.However,after reheatingfor a short time at 770℃,fine substructures appeared in most of the ferrite grains.During prolonged heating the substructure-free grains gradually grew at the expense ofthose possessing substructures.When the reheating temperature is raised close to theA_3 temperature,grain boundary migration is markedly accelerated.Two types of twins were observed during grain growth.One of them,probablyidentical in nature with ordinary annealing twins,has its non-coherent twin boundaryalways attached to the old grain boundary.Depending on the manner of migrationof the grain boundary and the non-coherent twin boundary,such type of twins maygrow,retreat,or even disappear.The other type of twins has a characteristic wedge-shaped twin boundary which is quite stable,and little change has been observed afterprolonged heating.
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    НЗУЧЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА МАРТЕНСИТА НА СКОРОСТЬ ПРЕВРАЩЕНИЯ АУСТЕНИТА В ИΓОЛЬЧАТЫЙ ТРООСТИТ
    Ци Цэн-фын Харбцнскцǚ Подцмехнцческцǚ Инсмцмум
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 62-66. 
    Abstract   PDF (425KB) ( 467 )
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    К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИ РАЗМЕРОВ ОБЛАСТЕЙ КОΓЕРЕНТНОΓО РАССЕЯНИЯ И ИСКАЖЕНИЯ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОЙ РЕШЕТКИ ВТОРОΓО РОДА
    Чэнъ Чи Денмраòная заóобская ■абораморця Аньщанъско■о мема■ур■ческоо комбцнама
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 67-79. 
    Abstract   PDF (996KB) ( 419 )
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    A PROCESS OF PREPARING REPLICAS FOR THE SUBSTITUTION OF METAL SPECIMENS IN METALLOGRAPHIC STUDY
    C.F.YEE AND S.H.HUANG Engineering Institute of Southern China
    Acta Metall Sin, 1958, 3 (1): 80-84. 
    Abstract   PDF (1385KB) ( 617 )
    The“Drop-and-Cover”method developed by us for preparing replicas is carriedout by applying first a few drops of an organic solvent on a prepared surface of a me-tal specimen and then covering with a sheet of dellulose acetate or similar materials.Through the softening action of the solvent on the plastic sheet and the exclusion ofair between the metal surface and sheet,atmospheric pressure will bring intimate contactof the two together,thus producing a“negative”replica.A“positive”replica may bemade from this when required.These replicas can be used directly for metallographicstudies either on a biological or a metallurgical microscope without any furthermodification.
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