Derivation of standard free energy of formation for binary compounds to be obeyed a quasi-parabola regulation and extension to ternary systems to be obeyed a quasi-paraboloid regulation were carried out on the basis of thermodynamic principle. The stability of binary intermediate compounds may be criticized and some thermodynamic data may be predicted by the above mentioned regulation.

The amorphous and crystalline phases were observed in molten region of the Cu-Al explosively welded joint. The crystalline phases consist of CuAl2, Cu3Al2 and Cu4Al.Recrystallization takes place in Al region adjacent to the molten zone, and the diffusion distance of Cu in Al is less than 100 nm with needle-like CuAl2 phase precipitated. Recovery takes place in Cu region adjacent to the molten zone because of the dispersive Cu2O phase precipitating,and the diffusion distance of Al in Cu is also less than 100 nm with new phase layers which might be Cu3Al2 and Cu4Al formed. Interdiffusion between Cu and Al can be observed in non-molten region with diffusion distance less than 100 nm to form new phase layers.

Fe-Dy compositionally modulated films were prepared by alternating evaporation of the two elements onto Si and NaCl single crystal substrates. The crystallization of amorphous films was analyzed in situ at the TEM hot stage. The changes in structure and magnetic properties of the films after annealing under vacuum were studied by X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. After annealing at temperature below 200℃ for 30 min, the amorphous state and the modulated structure of as-deposited samples remain basically unchanged. After annealing at temperatures≥300℃ for 30 min, the amorphous films become gradually crystallized, and completely crystallized up to 600℃ .Meanwhile,Ms of films is very sensitive to forming bcc-Fe nuclei. However the growth of these nuclei affects directly on the values of Hc.

Nanocrystalline Ni-P alloy samples with grain sizes ranging from 13 nm to 107 nm have been prepared by the crystallization method. A positron annihilation spectroscopy technique was used to investigate the interfacial defects in these nanocrystalline samples.It was found that with a decrease of grain size,the excess volume in a unit volume of interfaces is reduced. By means of accurate density measurement and structural characteristic analyses of the nanocrystalline samples, the interfacial excess volume in the sample is found to be decreasing with reduction of grain size,i.e. a densification of interfaces.This result is in a good agreement with those from the positron annihilation experiments and from other property measurements.

In the zone affected by plastic,elasto-plastic and elastic shock wave, screw and edge dislocations were observed respectively. Dislocation density is increased and the dislocation is strongly tangled. The level of the increasment and the tangled stability become less as the intensity of shock wave deteriorates.Most dislocations are generated in and close to the grain boundaries.Dislocation structure and morphology in different plane are different, dislocation density and tangle stability in plane {110} is the strongest.And dislocation density and morphology in ferrite investigated do not correspond to dimention of ferrite grain.

The compressive superplastic tests at constant temperature were carried out on flame sprayed NiFeCrBSi(G112)alloy coating on CrWMn steel.A section conversion method has been used to measure the values m at different temperatures. The optimum superplastic condition was determined by optimizing the strain rate ratio of flame sprayed coating and substrate under defomation.The welding effects of the porosities inside the deformed coating and the bonding interfaces between the coating and substrate at different deformation temperatures have been analysed. The influence of deformation conditions on the multiple impact failure behaviors of the superplastically deformed coatings have also been investigated. The results show that the porosities inside the coating and the bonding interface between the coating and the substrate can be effectively welded at the superplastic temperature range of the substrate steel CrWMn if the value W of strain rate ratio between the coating and the substrate are approximate to one and as a result a good multiple impact behaviour can be obtained.

An ultra-microhardness tester typed UMHT-3 was used to measure the characteristic hardness of N+ implanted layer on 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.Depth and nitrogen concentration profile of the N+ implanted layer were determined by means of AES in combination with high precision profilometer. The depth of N+ implanted layer in 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel is 0.18μm at 90 keV and 3ｘ10~17 N+/cm2. Its characteristic hardness,HV 3.47 GPa under load of l mN, shows that N+ implantation can increase the surface hardness by more than 3 times. The appropriate testing load selected should be equal or less than l mN.