Research Status of Weldability of Advanced Steel

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00369

Acta Metall Sin

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (4): 601-618 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00369

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Research Status of Weldability of Advanced Steel

PENG Yun¹(

),SONG Liang^1,²,ZHAO Lin¹,MA Chengyong¹,ZHAO Haiyan²,TIAN Zhiling¹

^1.Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
^2.Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Cite this article:

PENG Yun,SONG Liang,ZHAO Lin,MA Chengyong,ZHAO Haiyan,TIAN Zhiling. Research Status of Weldability of Advanced Steel. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(4): 601-618.

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Abstract

New generation advanced steel has been studied with the increased requirement for high property steel by various engineering fields since the 21st century. Correspondingly, their welding materials and welding techniques are crucial for the application of the steels. In this paper, the research status and the development of the welding processes, microstructure and properties of welded joint of the advanced steel, including ultra-fine grained steel, low carbon bainitic steel, high nitrogen austenite stainless steel and high strength automotive steel are introduced. The microstructure evolution of welded joints, the microstructure and properties of welded joints, the formation of inclusions and martenite-austenite (M-A) components and its influence on properties, and the influence of alloying elements and heat input on weld properties are reviewed. Study results show that heat affected zone (HAZ) is the main area which affects the performance of welded joints, and proper welding materials and processes are required to achieve a matching welded joint. The strengthening and toughening mechanism of weld joint, mechanism of fatigue crack growth, effect of welding thermal process on microstructure and properties of steel, are also reviewed. At last, the research prospect on welding materials and welding techiques is presented.

Key words: bainitic steel ultra-fine grained steel high nitrogen austenite stainless steel high strength automobile steel weldability

Received: 04 November 2019

ZTFLH:

TG142，TG42，TG44

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0304700)

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	Yun PENG
	Liang SONG
	Lin ZHAO
	Chengyong MA
	Haiyan ZHAO
	Zhiling TIAN

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00369 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2020/V56/I4/601

Fig.1 Microstructures of laser welded joint of SS400 steel (heat input 2100 W, welding speed 0.8 m/min)(a) welding metal (WM) (b) heat affected zone (HAZ) (c) base metal (BM)

Fig.2 TEM images of lower bainite of laser welded joint of 400 MPa ultra-fine grain steel(heat input 2400 W, welding speed 1.0 m/min)(a) parallel ferrite lath (b) ferrite lath in different directions(c) bainitic lath and a small amount of retained austenite (d) carbide dispersed in ferrite

Fig.3 Welding metal morphologies of metal active gas (MAG) welding joint with different carbon equivalents (C_eq) of ultra low carbon bainite (ULCB) steel (B—bainite, AF—acicular ferrite, GB—grain boundary, M—martensite)(a) C_eq=0.34 (b) C_eq=0.30 (c) C_eq=0.36 (d) C_eq=0.38

Fig.4 Fracture morphologies of ULCB metal active gas (MAG) welding joint deposited metal (-50 ℃)(a) quasi-cleavage (b) quasi-cleavage and dimple

Fig.5 TEM images of 1Cr22Mn15N melt inert-gas (MIG) welding joint in heat affected zone (HAZ)(a) austenite (b) δ-ferrite

Fig.6 TEM images and diffraction pattern of Cr₂₃C₆ in HAZ of 1Cr22Mn15N MIG welding joint (peak temperature 800 ℃, welding speed 50 ℃/s)(a) bright field image (b) dark field image (c) diffraction pattern

Fig.7 Volume fraction of nitrogen of argon in arc welding seam

Fig.8 Microstructure of HC420LA joint weld zone (power 1000 W, welding speed 2.4 m/min; CGHAZ—coarse-grained heat-affected zone, FGHAZ—fine-grained heat-affected zone, ICHAZ—intercritical heat-affected zone)

Fig.9 Effect of welding speed (a) and defocusing amount (d) (b) on joint hardness

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