|
|
A Model for Precipitation-Temperature-Time Curve Calculation |
Yong YANG,Zhaodong WANG( ),Tianrui LI,Tao JIA,Xiaolin LI,Guodong WANG |
State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China |
|
Cite this article:
Yong YANG,Zhaodong WANG,Tianrui LI,Tao JIA,Xiaolin LI,Guodong WANG. A Model for Precipitation-Temperature-Time Curve Calculation. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(1): 123-128.
|
Abstract Nanometer precipitation is of great importance to the mechanical properties of the low carbon micro-alloyed steel. Precipitation process is controlled by the driving force for precipitation and the diffusion rate of atoms. Under the influence of these two factors, the fastest precipitation temperature for (Mx1Mv2M1-x-v3)(CyN1-y) phase is available, which is also known as nose temperature. The maximum number density of precipitates can be obtained through isothermal treatment at the nose temperature. The most effective tool for getting the value of nose temperature is the precipitation-temperature-time (PTT) curve. Due to that the diffusivity of substitutional atom is several orders of magnitude smaller than that of interstitial atom, the nucleation process and growth process of complex precipitation are controlled by the diffusion of substitutional atoms. So far no model has been established for calculating PTT curve of complex precipitation. All the existing models are established for simple precipitation. In this work, a kinetic model, based on the classical nucleation and growth theories and Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation, employing Adrian thermodynamic model and L-J model, using average diffusivity to demonstrate the effects of forming elements on precipitation process, has been adapted to describe the precipitation kinetics following high temperature deformation in micro-alloy steels alloying with V, Nb and Ti. Using this model, the PTT curves for the kinetics of second phase were easily obtained. In the experiment, within the temperature range from 660 to 540 ℃, the nose temperature of carbonitride precipitation is equal to or slightly higher than 620 ℃. The value of nose temperature estimated from PTT curve is 628 ℃ which is consistent with the experimental observation. There are enough reasons to believe that the model proposed in this work can estimate accurately the nose temperature information in relatively small experiment case. This model has outstanding advantages in comparison with existing models: the mole fraction of precipitation and the driving force for precipitation per unit volume ?Gv can be calculated directly without calculating the solubility formula of complex carbide in matrix; The proposed model can also be used to calculate the absolute solution temperature and the constituent of initial complex precipitation forming at critical temperature of precipitation, which can be used as the iterative initial values for calculating the equilibrium information between matrix and precipitation at relatively low temperatures.
|
Received: 01 July 2016
|
Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51234002) |
[1] | Okamoto R, Borgenstam A, [J]. Acta Mater., 2010, 58: 4783 | [2] | Wang T P, Kao F H, Wang S H, et al.Isothermal treatment influence on nanometer-size carbide precipitation of titanium-bearing low carbon steel[J]. Mater. Lett., 2011, 65: 396 | [3] | Mao X P, Huo X D, Sun X J, et al.Strengthening mechanisms of a new 700MPa hot rolled Ti-microalloyed steel produced by compact strip production[J]. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2010, 210: 1660 | [4] | Xu L, Shi J, Cao W Q, et al.Improved mechanical properties in Ti-bearing martensitic steel by precipitation and grain refinement[J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2011, 46: 6384 | [5] | Han Y, Shi J, Xu L, et al.Effects of Ti addition and reheating quenching on grain refinement and mechanical properties in low carbon medium manganese martensitic steel[J]. Mater. Des, 2012, 34: 427 | [6] | Yong Q L, Ma M T, Wu B R.Microalloyed Steel-Physical and Mechanical Metallurgy [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 1989: 30 | [6] | (雍岐龙, 马鸣图, 吴宝榕. 微合金钢-物理和力学冶金 [M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 1989: 30) | [7] | Enomoto M.Influence of solute drag on the growth of proeutectoid ferrite in Fe-C-Mn alloy[J]. Acta Mater., 1999, 47: 3533 | [8] | Hutchinson C R, Zurob H S, Sinclair C W, et al.The comparative effectiveness of Nb solute and NbC precipitates at impeding grain-boundary motion in Nb steels[J]. Scr. Mater., 2008, 59: 635 | [9] | Wang X P, Zhao A M, Zhao Z Z, et al.Mechanical properties and characteristics of nanometer-sized precipitates in hot-rolled low-carbon ferritic steel[J]. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2014, 21: 266 | [10] | Dutta B, Palmiere E J, Sellars C M.Modelling the kinetics of strain induced precipitation in Nb microalloyed steels[J]. Acta Mater., 2001, 49: 785 | [11] | Maugis P, Gouné M.Kinetics of vanadium carbonitride precipitation in steel: a computer model[J]. Acta Mater., 2005, 53: 3359 | [12] | Perrard F, Deschamps A, Maugis P.Modelling the precipitation of NbC on dislocations in α-Fe[J]. Acta Mater., 2007, 55: 1255 | [13] | Perez M, Courtois E, Acevedo D, et al.Precipitation of niobium carbonitrides in ferrite: Chemical composition measurements and thermodynamic modelling[J]. Phil. Mag. Lett., 2007, 87: 645 | [14] | Perez M, Dumont M, Acevedo-Reyes D.Implementation of classical nucleation and growth theories for precipitation[J]. Acta Mater., 2008, 56: 2119 | [15] | Yong Q L.Secondary Phase in Steels [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2006: 146. | [15] | (雍岐龙. 钢铁材料中的第二相 [M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2006: 146) | [16] | Adrian H.Thermodynamic model for precipitation of carbonitrides in high strength low alloy steels containing up to three microalloying elements with or without additions of aluminium[J]. Mater. Sci. Technol., 1992, 8: 406 | [17] | Liu W J, Jonas J J.Nucleation kinetics of Ti carbonitride in microalloyed austenite[J]. Metall. Trans., 1989, 20A: 689 | [18] | Johnson W A, Mehl R F.Reaction kinetics in processes of nucleation and growth[J]. Trans. AIME, 1939, 135: 416 | [19] | Avrami M.Kinetics of phase change. I General theory[J]. J. Chem. Phys., 1939, 7: 1103 | [20] | Avrami M.Kinetics of phase change. II Transformation-time relations for random distribution of nuclei[J]. J. Chem. Phys., 1940, 8: 212 | [21] | Hillert M, Staffansson L I.The regular solution model for stoichiometric phases and ionic melts[J]. Acta Chem. Scand., 1970, 24: 3618 | [22] | Okaguchi S, Hashimoto T.Computer model for prediction of carbonitride precipitation during hot working in Nb-Ti bearing HSLA steels[J]. ISIJ Int., 1992, 32: 283 | [23] | Zener C.Theory of growth of spherical precipitates from solid solution[J]. J. Appl. Phys., 1949, 20: 950 | [24] | Li X L, Wang Z D, Deng X T, et al.Effect of final temperature after ultra-fast cooling on microstructural evolution and precipitation behavior of Nb-V-Ti bearing low alloy steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2015, 51: 784 | [24] | (李小琳, 王昭东, 邓想涛等. 超快冷终冷温度对含Nb-V-Ti微合金钢组织转变及析出行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51: 784) | [25] | Quispe A, Medina S F, Gómez M, et al.Influence of austenite grain size on recrystallisation-precipitation interaction in a V-microalloyed steel[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2007, A447: 11 |
|
No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
|
Shared |
|
|
|
|
|
Discussed |
|
|
|
|