Superalloy ring forgings are a class of prototypical rotary components extensively used in casings, combustion chambers, sealing rings, and support rings in the aviation, aerospace, and nuclear energy fields. These components are often subjected to severe conditions, such as high temperatures, pressures, and rotational speeds as well as the combined effects of high- and low-frequency vibrations. As a result, these ring forgings exhibit excellent mechanical properties and thermal endurance. The microstructure determines the overall mechanical properties of the ring forgings. Their production is complex and involves multiple cycles of thermal deformation. During the thermal deformation phase, the alloy's microstructure undergoes a series of alterations due to the synergistic effects of thermal and mechanical forces. If recrystallization in the preceding stage is incomplete, the resulting microstructure may become heterogeneous and can be carried over to later stages, potentially leading to the formation of mixed crystals. This phenomenon can considerably affect the mechanical performance of ring forgings. Currently, the preparation and formation of ring forgings in China largely rely on traditional “experience-based optimization” approach, which is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, it is essential to establish an accurate microstructural evolution model and predict microstructural changes during thermal processing using numerical simulations. These improvements will enable better control of the alloy microstructure and the optimization of the manufacturing process. To better understand the complex microstructural evolution during the superalloy ring forging formation process, the adaptability of the existing GH4169 alloy microstructure model to the ring rolling process was investigated. Due to the highly nonlinear relationships between the recrystallization kinetics equations and factors such as the strain rate, temperature, and duration of ring rolling, the existing microstructure model was modified. Both the existing and modified models were programmed in FORTRAN language and implemented in Simufact software to simulate microstructural evolution during ring rolling. A numerical simulation method that captures the microstructure inheritance over multiple processing steps was established. The modified model's accuracy and simulation method's feasibility were verified through experiments. A comparative analysis of typical mixed-crystal regions in ring forgings using EBSD and the established numerical simulation, showed that the recrystallized structure of ring forgings combines dynamic and meta-dynamic recrystallization structures. Finally, the established simulation method was employed to analyze the effect of pass deformation on the microstructure during two-pass ring rolling. The results showed that increasing the final rolling deformation improved the uniformity of the ring forgings' microstructure.