Research Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures of Biodegradable Zinc-Based Vascular Stents

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00161

Acta Metall Sin

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (3): 272-282 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00161

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Research Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures of Biodegradable Zinc-Based Vascular Stents

QIAN Yi¹^,², YUAN Guangyin¹(

)

^1.National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
^2.Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China

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QIAN Yi, YUAN Guangyin. Research Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures of Biodegradable Zinc-Based Vascular Stents. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(3): 272-282.

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Abstract

Human body can absorb and degrade Zn. Among the biodegradable metals of Mg, Zn, and Fe, the degradation rate of Zn is the most suitable for the clinical requirements of vascular stents. Zinc ion is an essential nutrient in human body; it participates in the metabolic activities of more than 200 enzymes. Zn promotes and maintains the integrity of vascular endothelium and inhibits the progress of artery atherosclerosis, making it naturally advantageous as a vascular stent material. This review systematically summarizes the research in the field of biodegradable zinc-based vascular stents based on recent studies conducted by the author's research team. In addition, this review introduces and discusses the research background, status, and challenges as well as the countermeasures of the challenges and prospects for the future development of biodegradable Zn-based vascular stents. It is expected that the comments and itemized strategies for solving the identified challenges in this review can inspire related researchers to perform research studies in associated fields in China.

Key words: biodegradable zinc-based alloy vascular stent research status clinical challenge countermeasure

Received: 13 May 2020

ZTFLH:

TG146.1

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0115400);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51971134);Interdisciplinary Project of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China(ZH2018ZDA34)

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00161 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2021/V57/I3/272

Fig.1 The ideal model between the mechanical integrity and degradation of biodegradable scaffold during the vascular healing process^[21]

Table 1 In vivo and in vitro degradation rate of degradable Zn-based alloy^[4,5,26-35]

Fig.2 Test results reported about self-ageing performance of medical zinc alloys at room temperature (a)^[37] compared with those of degradable Zn-Cu alloys developed by our research team (b) (Fig.2a shows that the tensile elongation of the Zn-Mg alloy^[37] was 30% when it was newly made, and dropped sharply to 4% after one year's storage at room temperature, indicating obvious self-ageing characteristics. While the patent Zn-Cu alloy developed by our team showed almost the same tensile elongation of 58% after 20 months' storage at room temperature, showing excellent anti-ageing and deformability)

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