Effect of He Ion Irradiation on the GH3535 Weld Metal at High Temperature

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00040

Acta Metall Sin

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (3): 299-310 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00040

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Effect of He Ion Irradiation on the GH3535 Weld Metal at High Temperature

BAI Juju¹^,², LI Jianjian¹^,²(

), FU Chonglong¹^,², CHEN Shuangjian¹, LI Zhijun¹, LIN Jun¹^,²(

)

¹Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Cite this article:

BAI Juju, LI Jianjian, FU Chonglong, CHEN Shuangjian, LI Zhijun, LIN Jun. Effect of He Ion Irradiation on the GH3535 Weld Metal at High Temperature. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(3): 299-310.

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Abstract

GH3535 high-temperature nickel-based alloy was selected as the main structural material for the molten salt reactor because of its high-temperature strength and excellent corrosion resistance to molten salts. In general, the welded joints used to join structural materials are considered as the potentially weakest part because of the inhomogeneity in microstructure caused by repeated thermal cycle treatments. Helium embrittlement at high temperatures is an important issue that affects the safety and structural integrity of the components made of nickel-based alloys working in a reactor environment. In this study, the GH3535-welded joint was irradiated with 500 keV of He ions at 850^oC. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld and base metal were characterized and compared by TEM and nano-indentation, and the effect of the intrinsic microstructure of the weld on the irradiation effect was investigated. Results show that the helium bubbles in the weld are basically distributed on the dislocation lines and carbide-base metal interface. The helium bubbles on the carbides-base metal interface are smaller, and they have higher density than those on the dislocation lines. The average number density of helium bubbles and dislocation loops in the peak damage region of the weld are smaller than those of the base metal. Therefore, at 850^oC, dislocation lines, and the carbides-base metal interface are strong traps for helium and interstitial atoms, which affect the nucleation of helium bubbles and dislocation loops. In addition, the carbides-base metal interface can effectively inhibit the growth of helium bubbles. The results of nano-indentation show that the degree of the irradiation-induced hardening of the weld metal (36%) is about half of that of the base metal (70%) under the same irradiation condition. Therefore, the DBH model confirms that helium bubbles and dislocation loops primarily cause irradiation hardening. The enhanced trapping of helium atoms and interstitials by nano-carbides and dislocation lines at a high temperature is the key factor for the distinct irradiation behavior of welds compared with base metals.

Key words: GH3535 welded joint He ion irradiation helium bubble dislocation loop irradiation hardening

Received: 27 January 2022

ZTFLH:

TL426

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(12175301);National Natural Science Foundation of China(11605272);Frontier Science Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDY-SSW-JSC016);Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA02030200);Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(22ZR1474800);Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL)(HIR2021PY007)

Corresponding Authors: LI Jianjian, professor, Tel: (021)39194239, E-mail: lijianjian@sinap.ac.cn; LIN Jun, professor, Tel: (021)39194026, E-mail: linjun@sinap.ac.cn

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	BAI Juju
	LI Jianjian
	FU Chonglong
	CHEN Shuangjian
	LI Zhijun
	LIN Jun

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00040 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2024/V60/I3/299

Table 1 Chemical compositions of the GH3535 alloy and filler wire

Fig.1 Damage level and helium concentration profiles with the irradiation depth in GH3535 alloys, calculated by SRIM-2013

Fig.2 EBSD maps (inverse pole figures) (a, d), SEM images (b, e), and bright-field TEM images (c1, c2, f1, f2) for the weld metal (a, b, c1, c2) and base metal (d, e, f1, f2), where Figs.2c1 and f1 show the dislocations in weld and base metal, respectively, Figs.2c2 and f2 show the carbides in weld and base metal, respectively

Fig.3 Distributions of helium bubble with the irradiation depth of the weld metal at 850^oC
(a) cross-sectional TEM image at lower magnification
(b1, b2) enlarged images of the 800-1600 nm region in under-focus (b1) and over-focus (b2) conditions, respectively

Fig.4 Distributions of helium bubble with the irradiation depth of the base metal at 850^oC
(a) cross-sectional TEM image at lower magnification
(b1, b2) enlarged images of the 800-1400 nm region in under-focus (b1) and over-focus (b2) conditions, respectively

Fig.5 Bright-field TEM images for the helium bubble distributions at the peak regions of weld (a) and base metal (c), and the distributions of helium bubbles under two beam condition for weld (b) and base metal (d), respectively

Fig.6 Number densities and size distributions of helium bubbles with the irradiation depth in the weld (a) and base metal (b)

Fig.7 Swelling curves of weld and base metal with irradiation depth

Fig.8 Weak-beam dark-field ( g /3 g ) TEM image (a) and bright-field TEM image (b) of the dislocation loops in the peak region of the weld metal at 850^oC (The dislocation loops appear as white dots under the weak beam dark-field condition, and becomes black dots at the same position under the bright-field as shown in the red circles; the same in Fig.9)

Fig.9 Weak-beam dark-field ( g /3 g ) TEM image (a) and bright-field TEM image (b) of the dislocation loops in the peak region of the base metal at 850^oC

Fig.10 Nanohardness vs indentation depth (a, b) and H²-1/ h curves (c, d) of the base metal (a, c) and weld metal (b, d) before and after irradiation

Sample	Defect	Δσ MPa	Δσ_total MPa	Δ $H c a l$ GPa	Δ $H e x p$ GPa
GH3535	Helium bubble	310	580	1.74	1.84
GH3535	Dislocation loop	490
Weld metal	Helium bubble	240	342	1.02	1.21
Weld metal	Dislocation loop	243

Table 2 Yield strength increment and nano-hardness increment of weld and base metals irradiated by He ions with 2 × 10¹⁶ ions/cm² at 850^oC

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