Research on the Microstructure and Properties of In Situ (TiB2-TiB)/Cu Composites

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00532

Acta Metall Sin

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (1): 126-132 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00532

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Research on the Microstructure and Properties of In Situ (TiB₂-TiB)/Cu Composites

Jianqiang REN, Shuhua LIANG(

), Yihui JIANG, Xiang DU

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China

Cite this article:

Jianqiang REN, Shuhua LIANG, Yihui JIANG, Xiang DU. Research on the Microstructure and Properties of In Situ (TiB₂-TiB)/Cu Composites. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(1): 126-132.

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Abstract

Copper matrix composites have attracted a lot of interest regarding their application as electrical materials. However, the development of copper matrix composites has suffered setbacks because of a trade-off between electrical conductivity and strength. In this work, TiB₂ particles and TiB whiskers hybrid reinforced copper matrix composites were in situ fabricated by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The microstructures of hot-pressed composites were characterized by XRD, OM, SEM and TEM. The mechanism of in situ reaction during hot pressing process and the influence of microstructures on physical properties of hot-pressed composites were analyzed. The Cu and Ti raw powders were firstly reacted at 800 ℃ by forming Cu₃Ti transient phase. Then, the Cu-Ti liquid micro-zone was formed at 850 ℃, which is higher than the melting point of Cu₃Ti phase. With the increasing of temperature further, TiB₂ particles and TiB whiskers were formed in the liquid micro-zone by the diffusion of B atoms from copper matrix. When the reinforcing phase is consisted of mainly TiB whiskers, the hardness of composites is relatively high. But the composites reinforced mainly by TiB₂ particles have a higher electrical conductivity. The combined properties of hybrid reinforced copper matrix composites were optimized due to the combination action of TiB₂ particles and TiB whisker. For the case of 3%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composites, the hardness and the electrical conductivity are 86.6 HB and 70.4% IACS, respectively.

Key words: copper matrix composite in situ reaction TiB₂ particle TiB whisker

Received: 11 December 2017

ZTFLH:

TB311

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U1502274, 51631002 and 51501149) and Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (No.2017ZDXM-GY-028)

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	Jianqiang REN
	Shuhua LIANG
	Yihui JIANG
	Xiang DU

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00532 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2019/V55/I1/126

Table 1 Raw material of in situ fabricated (TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composites (mass fraction / %)

Fig.1 XRD spectra of (TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composites fabricated by hot-pressing

Fig.2 Low (a~c) and high (d~f) magnified SEM images of samples No.4 (a, d), No.5 (b, e) and No.6 (c, f) fabricated by hot-pressing

Fig.3 Bright-field TEM images and corresponding SAED patterns (insets, marked by white circles) of 3%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composite (sample No.5)
(a) TiB whisker (b) TiB₂ particles

Fig.4 DSC curve of 5%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composite (sample No.8)

Fig.5 XRD spectra of 5%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composite (sample No.8) at different in-situ reaction stages

Fig.6 OM images of 5%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composite (sample No.8) at different in situ reaction stages(a) 800 ℃ (b) 850 ℃ (c) 950 ℃

Fig.7 Schematic of the in situ reaction mechanism of Cu-Ti-B system

Table 2 Hardness, electrical conductivity and relative density of hot-pressed composites

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