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金属学报  2020, Vol. 56 Issue (4): 411-428    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00381
  综述 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
先进热成形汽车钢制造与使用的研究现状与展望
金学军1(),龚煜1,韩先洪1,杜浩1,丁伟1,朱彬2,张宜生2,冯毅3,马鸣图3,梁宾3,赵岩3,李勇4,郑菁桦4,石朱生4
1.上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院 上海 200240
2.华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院 武汉 430074
3.中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 重庆 401122
4.Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
A Review of Current State and Prospect of the Manufacturing and Application of Advanced Hot Stamping Automobile Steels
JIN Xuejun1(),GONG Yu1,HAN Xianhong1,DU Hao1,DING Wei1,ZHU Bin2,ZHANG Yisheng2,FENG Yi3,MA Mingtu3,LIANG Bin3,ZHAO Yan3,LI Yong4,ZHENG Jinghua4,SHI Zhusheng4
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
3.China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Chongqing 401122, China
4.Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
引用本文:

金学军,龚煜,韩先洪,杜浩,丁伟,朱彬,张宜生,冯毅,马鸣图,梁宾,赵岩,李勇,郑菁桦,石朱生. 先进热成形汽车钢制造与使用的研究现状与展望[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(4): 411-428.
Xuejun JIN, Yu GONG, Xianhong HAN, Hao DU, Wei DING, Bin ZHU, Yisheng ZHANG, Yi FENG, Mingtu MA, Bin LIANG, Yan ZHAO, Yong LI, Jinghua ZHENG, Zhusheng SHI. A Review of Current State and Prospect of the Manufacturing and Application of Advanced Hot Stamping Automobile Steels[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(4): 411-428.

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摘要: 

汽车采用超高强钢是实现轻量化兼顾安全性的必由之路,热冲压成形是高强汽车零件成形的关键工艺。近10年来,热成形钢及其零件制造技术迅速发展。本文从以下几方面对热成形钢/零件制造与使用现状进行了综述:(1) 热成形钢材料(从传统MnB钢到最近新发布的一些热成形新钢种);(2) 工艺(热成形传统工艺到工业4.0智能化生产);(3) 热成形淬火配分(Q&P)创新工艺研究现状及形变热处理基本原理;(4) 热成形过程的仿真模拟(热/力场、组织场、工艺等的模拟);(5) 热成形零件的使用服役评价。并对今后热成形汽车钢制造与使用前景作出展望。

关键词 热成形钢热成形技术热成形Q&P工艺仿真模拟服役评价    
Abstract

Ultrahigh strength steels are highly competitive materials for vehicles to concurrently meet the increasing demand of the weight reduction and passenger safety. Hot stamping is the key forming technology to manufacture automobile components with high strength. Hot stamping steel and its manufacturing technology experienced a fast development in the past decade. This paper reviewed the state of the art of the manufacturing and applications of hot stamping steels/components in the following aspects: (1) hot stamping steels (from traditional MnB steels to recently newly developed hot stamping steels); (2) forming technologies (from traditional hot stamping process to industry 4.0 intelligent production); (3) novel hot stamping + quenching & partitioning (Q&P) process and fundamentals of deformation assisted heat treatments; (4) simulation techniques for hot stamping process (modeling of the temperature-stress field, microstructure field and simulation of the manufacturing process); (5) the assessments of in-service performance of hot stamped components. Finally, the trends of the development of hot stamping steels and related forming technologies in the future will be discussed.

Key wordshot stamping steel    hot stamping technology    hot stamping+Q&P process    modeling    in-service performance
收稿日期: 2019-11-11     
ZTFLH:  TG142  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(U1564203);国家自然科学基金项目(51901128);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0304401);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(51911530204);英国皇家学会国际交流共同资助2018中国项目No.IEC\NSFC\181414,上海市优秀学术带头人项目(18XD1402200);上海交通大学“新进青年教师启动计划”项目
作者简介: 金学军,男,1969年生,教授,博士
Commercial nameSteelmakerCSiMnPSCrTiBFeRef.
USIBOR 1500ArcelorMittal0.220.251.230.0250.0080.20.0370.004Bal.[4]
MBW 1500ThyssenKrupp0.250.41.40.0250.010.50.050.005Bal.[5]
Docol Boron02SSAB0.20~0.250.20~0.351.0~1.30.0190.010.14~0.26-0.005Bal.[6]
HPF1470POSCO0.250.31.40.020.010.250.050.0035Bal.[5]
PH1500Baosteel0.230.251.350.0150.0060.19-0.0032Bal.[7]
AC1500 HSAnsteel0.240.381.270.0140.0040.270.0420.0022Bal.[8]
表1  国内外不同钢铁企业生产的22MnB5钢的成分[4,5,6,7,8] (mass fraction / %)

Steel

Composition (mass fraction / %)

YS

MPa

UTS

MPa

CSiMnCrTiBNNiAlFe
27MnCrB50.250.211.240.340.0420.0020.0040.010.03Bal.10971611
28MnB50.280.401.30--0.005---Bal.11351740
34MnB50.340.401.30--0.005---Bal.12251919
37MnB40.370.310.810.190.0460.0010.0060.020.03Bal.13782040
表2  1800和2000 MPa 2个级别热成形钢的成分及淬火后的力学性能[9,10]
Commercial nameSteelmakerCSiMnPSAlNbFe
Ductibor 500ArcelorMittal0.05~0.08<0.5<1.4<0.03<0.010.02~0.040.03~0.07Bal.
MBW 500ThyssenKrupp<0.10<0.35<1.0<0.03<0.025>0.015<0.1Bal.
PHS-Ultraform 490Voestalpine<0.11<0.5<1.4<0.03<0.025<0.015<0.1Bal.
表3  500 MPa强度级别的低强度高塑高韧性钢的牌号及相应的成分[9] (mass fraction / %)
图1  热冲压-淬火配分(HS-Q&P)形变热处理工艺流程及组织演化过程示意图
图2  形变诱导铁素体相变-Q&P (DIFT-Q&P)形变热处理工艺流程及组织演化过程示意图
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