可降解锌合金血管支架的研究现状、面临的挑战与对策思考

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00161

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (3): 272-282 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00161

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可降解锌合金血管支架的研究现状、面临的挑战与对策思考

钱漪¹^,², 袁广银¹(

)

^1.上海交通大学轻合金精密成型国家工程研究中心和金属基复合材料国家重点实验室上海 200240
^2.上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院心血管内科上海 200025

Research Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures of Biodegradable Zinc-Based Vascular Stents

QIAN Yi¹^,², YUAN Guangyin¹(

)

^1.National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
^2.Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China

引用本文:

钱漪, 袁广银. 可降解锌合金血管支架的研究现状、面临的挑战与对策思考[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(3): 272-282.
Yi QIAN, Guangyin YUAN. Research Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures of Biodegradable Zinc-Based Vascular Stents[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(3): 272-282.

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摘要:

金属Zn可在人体内降解吸收，其降解速率最适合血管支架的临床要求。同时Zn²⁺本身也是人体必要的营养元素，参与体内200多种酶的活动与代谢，并具有修复和提升血管内皮的完整性和抗动脉粥样硬化的功能，具有作为血管支架材料的天然优势。本文结合作者课题组近年的研究工作，对可降解锌合金血管支架领域的研究进行了系统总结，分别从可降解锌合金血管支架的研究背景、研究现状与挑战、解决这些挑战问题的思路和对策、以及未来发展展望等方面进行了介绍和评述，期待能对本领域的研究工作给予借鉴和启迪，从而对推动我国在相关领域的研究发展起到有益作用。

关键词 ：可降解锌合金血管支架, 研究现状, 临床挑战, 对策思考

Abstract：

Human body can absorb and degrade Zn. Among the biodegradable metals of Mg, Zn, and Fe, the degradation rate of Zn is the most suitable for the clinical requirements of vascular stents. Zinc ion is an essential nutrient in human body; it participates in the metabolic activities of more than 200 enzymes. Zn promotes and maintains the integrity of vascular endothelium and inhibits the progress of artery atherosclerosis, making it naturally advantageous as a vascular stent material. This review systematically summarizes the research in the field of biodegradable zinc-based vascular stents based on recent studies conducted by the author's research team. In addition, this review introduces and discusses the research background, status, and challenges as well as the countermeasures of the challenges and prospects for the future development of biodegradable Zn-based vascular stents. It is expected that the comments and itemized strategies for solving the identified challenges in this review can inspire related researchers to perform research studies in associated fields in China.

Key words： biodegradable zinc-based alloy vascular stent research status clinical challenge countermeasure

收稿日期: 2020-05-13

ZTFLH:

TG146.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0115400);国家自然科学基金项目(51971134);上海交通大学多学科交叉项目培育(转化)项目(ZH2018ZDA34)

作者简介: 钱漪，女，1978年生，副主任医师，博士生

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图1 血管修复过程中可降解生物支架机械完整性与支架降解之间的理想模式[21]

表1 可降解锌基合金在体内、体外降解速率[4,5,26~35]

图2 文献报道的医用锌合金室温下老化性能测试结果[37]，及作者所在课题组研发的可降解Zn-Cu合金抗老化性能测试结果对比。图2a中显示Zn-Mg合金[37]刚制备出来时拉伸延伸率为30%，室温下存放1 a后急剧降至4%，表现出严重的老化特性；而本课题组研发的专利Zn-Cu合金，刚制备出的拉伸延伸率与室温存放20个月后延伸率几乎一样(均为58%左右)，表现出优异的抗老化性能和变形能力

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