ISSN 0412-1961
CN 21-1139/TG
Started in 1956

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    , Volume 9 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    CARBON-OXYGEN REACTION IN MOLTEN NICKEL AND NICKEL-10% CHROMIUM IN A VACUUM INDUCTION FURNACE
    T'ANG CHUNG-HO; YANG TEH-SHUN; CHUNG YI-HSIU; YANG TUNG
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 117-126. 
    Abstract   PDF (864KB) ( 470 )
    Carbon-oxygen reaction in molten Ni and Ni-10% Cr in a vacuum induction furnace was investigated at 1500—1540℃ temperature and 10~(-4) tort pressure. It was found that both the carbon and oxygen contents of the metal can be reduced to very low levels, either by deoxidation with carbon or decarburization with oxygen. The oxygen in the later case was supplied either by the magnesia crucible material or by letting limited amounts of air into the furnace chamber. [%C].[%O] products of the order of 10~(-5)—10~(-6) were obtained. The carbon-oxygen reaction mechanism is discussed.
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    THE IONIZATION THEORY OF DESULPHURIZATION WITH THE BLAST-FURNACE-TYPE SLAGS
    WEI SHOU-KUN (Peking Institute oF Ferrous Metallurgy)
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 127-141. 
    Abstract   PDF (1071KB) ( 563 )
    In a previous paper, it has been ascertained by the same author, that the sulphurdistribution-ratio formula, based on the complete-ionization theory of slag constitution and with the introduction of activity coefficients,(%S)/[%S]=32L_sf_s/(γ_(Fe~(2+))+γ_(S~(2-))·(∑n+∑n-)/n_(FeO) is adaptable to different kinds of basic steel-making slags, and could explain unanimously the different controversial arguments as regards the effect of FeO upon desulphurization. It is the purpose of this paper to show that the same formula might equally well be applicable to the acid or less basic blast-furnace-type slags, and to try to work out a tentative method of calculation. With this view in mind, according to the "basicity index" (∑b-2n_(Al_2O_3))/(n_(SiO_2)-n_(Al_2O_3)) newly proposed, the following acid radicals have been assumed to be present in the blast-furnace-type slags: SiO_~(4-), Si_2O_7~(6-), Si_3O_9~(6-), Al_2SiO_7~(4-), Al_2Si_2O_8~(2-) and AlO_3~(3-). Elaboration of the experimental data of Hatch and Chipman, Taylor and Stobo, as well as and others gave the following empirical relation:logγ_(Fe~(2+))γ_(S~(2-))=-53.5 No~(2-)+2.12. With this relation and the above formula, evaluation of the sulphur-distribution-ratio of the basic cupola for the low-basicity practice gave values practically in good agreement with those found in practice. Further calculation has shown that the effects of the FeO-content of the less basic slag upon desulphurization follow the same regularity as those of the basic slags. Thus the above-given sulphur-distribution-ratio formula might be considered as a most general and universal formula, which holds true for the sulphur-distribution between molten iron with any carbon content, and slags with either low or high FeO-content, as well as slags with either high basicity for the steel-making slags or low basicity for the blast-furnace-type slags. Furthermore, the (%S)/αs value as calculated is found to be practically independent of temperature as well as the composition of the molten iron.
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    THE DEHYDRATION OF HEXAHYDRATED YTTRIUM CHLORIDE AND THE VAPOR PHASE HYDROLYSIS OF ANHYDROUS
    SU MIEN-TSNG; CH'IU PING-YI (Peking University)
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 142-147. 
    Abstract   PDF (507KB) ( 575 )
    Using a membrane null-manometer and a thermobalance the mechanism of the dehydration of hexahydrated yttrium chloride has been investigated. The following reactions have been verified:YCl_3·6H_2O■YCl_3·H_2O+5H_2O,YCl_3·H_2O■)YCl_3+H_2O,YCl_3+H_2O■YOCl+2HCl.The equilibrium of the last reaction concerning vapor phase hydrolysis have been studied. From the obtained experimental data the thermodynamic function of this reaction have been evaluated:log K_p=4.52-2617/T,ΔH_(650)~O=11.98 kcal/mole,ΔS_(650)~O=20.7 e.u.
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    STATISTICAL THEORY OF MOLTEN SALT SOLUTIONS Ⅲ. PHASE EQUILIBRIUM OF TERNARY HOMO-IONIC SYSTEMS
    CH'N NIAN-YI; CHANG KUI-CH'NG (Instiute of Metallurgy; Academia Sinica)
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 148-157. 
    Abstract   PDF (719KB) ( 587 )
    From a statistical model of molten salt solutions, suggested in Part Ⅰ, two equations for the liquidus surfaces of the phase diagrams of AB-AC-AD and A_2B-AC-AD types were derived. The results of calculation were compared with the experimental data of many ternary phase diagrams, with good agreement, For the ternary homo-ionic Systems of other types, some relations between the geometric characteristics of the phase diagrams and the energetic parameters of solution were discussed.
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    STATISTICAL THEORY OF MOLTEN SALT SOLUTIONS Ⅳ. PHASE EQUILIBRIUM OF A_2B-AC-AD-AE SYSTEMS
    CH'N NIEN-YI; CHANG KUI-CH'NG (Institute of Metallurgy; Academia Sinica)
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 158-160. 
    Abstract   PDF (203KB) ( 450 )
    From a previously suggested statistical model of molten salt solutions, a method of calculating A_2B liquidus temperature in A2B-AC-AD-AE systems is derived. The results of calculations are in good agreement with experimental values.
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    ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА РАСПЛАВОВ SnCi_2-KCl
    Пэн Жуй-во (Инстцтут металлурцц АН КНР) Вэнъ Ши-цэу
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 161-166. 
    Abstract   PDF (400KB) ( 412 )
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    НЕКОТОРЫЕ РАСЧЁТЫ ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ДВОЙНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ Al-Ca И ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
    Чжэн Вэнъ-Шэн (Инстцтут металлурцц АН КНР)
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 167-175. 
    Abstract   PDF (707KB) ( 419 )
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    A STUDY OF THE ISOTHERMAL SECTION AT 1200℃ OF THE TERNARY SYSTEM W-Mo-Zr
    CHUANG Y-CHIH; NI KUO-NIEN
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 176-231. 
    Abstract   PDF (1394KB) ( 468 )
    The isothermal section at 1200℃ of the ternary system W-Mo-Zr has been determined by metallographic and X-ray diffraction methods. Two terminal b.c.c, solid solutions based on W(Mo) and Zr respectively and an intermetallic compound Zr(W, Mo)_2 isomorphous with MgCu_2 structure have been identified. The lattice parameter of Zr(W, Mo)_2 varies linearly from 7.619 (?) for ZrW_2 to 7.589A for ZrMo_2. Vicker's hardness measurements support the metallographic and X-ray diffraction results.
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    DISTRIBUTION OF OXYGEN IN MOLYBDENUM-TITANIUM SOLID SOLUTIONS
    SUNG CH-YI MA YING-LIANG
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 181-188. 
    Abstract   PDF (673KB) ( 445 )
    Internal friction in several molybdenum-titanium alloys containing oxygen was measured. Besides the 110℃ peak associated with the diffusion of oxygen between Mo-Mo interstitial sites, another peak around 55℃ was observed which was shown to be associated with the stress-induced micro-diffusion of oxygen between Mo-Ti interstitial sites. The activation energy for the latter process was found to be 22600 cal/g-atom. The condition for the appearance of the 55℃ peak is the presence of both titanium and oxygen in molybdenum.The partition functions and the potential energy difference of oxygen atoms in the two interstitial sites were calculated by means of a standard statistical method. Furthermore, it was shown that titanium would enlarge the solubility of oxygen in molybdenum, thus lowering the ductile-brittle transition temperature of molybdenum-titanium alloys.
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    ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS IN MOLYBDENUM
    CHU HUI-TZǔ; LI CHIN-YEN; P'U YI-CHIEN
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 189-239. 
    Abstract   PDF (7920KB) ( 477 )
    Specimens of molybdenum and Mo-base alloys with various amounts of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon were taken from ingots made by the consumable electrode vacuum arc melting process, and were examined by means of metallographic, petrographic and fractographic methods as weU as X-ray and chemical analyses. The following nonmetallic inclusions have been identified: MoO_2, γ-Mo_2N, Mo_2C, ZrO_2, ZrN, TiO, TiN, TiO_2 (containing Mo), α-Al_2O_3 and SiO_2. It was found that no MoO_2 was observed at the grain boundaries even at 2000 X when the oxygen content in molybdenum is below 0.0027%.
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    THE PHASE TRANSFORMATION OF δ-FERRITE IN A STRUCTURALLY DUPLEX IRON-ALUMINIUM-MANGANESE-MOLYBDENUM ALLOY
    CHANG SHOU-HUA; YEH T'IEN-T'IEN (Peking Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy)
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 198-242. 
    Abstract   PDF (3519KB) ( 527 )
    Austenite and δ-ferrite coexist after a solution treatment at 1100℃ in an Fe-Al-Mn-Mo alloy with a composition of 0.07% C, 4.6% Al, 32.5% Mn and 3.1% Mo. The processes of phase transformation in the temperature range 950—450℃ were studied metallographically and the transformation products were electrolytically extracted and examined. The curves for the beginning of isothermal transformation were determined metallographically.It has been found that δ→γ transformation occurs at temperatures between 950—750℃ and δ→γ + M_(23)C_6 transformation between 650—550℃. They proceed by a fully diffusive process and a bainitic process simultaneously in the respective temperature ranges. An intermetallic compound X phase of α-Mn structure corresponding to Fe_(26)Mn_(16)Mo_8Al_8 was found to precipitate from δ-ferrite at temperatures between 750—450℃.
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    A STUDY OF GRAIN ORIENTATION AND GROWTH IN IRON-SILICON BY ETCH PATTERNS
    TAI LI-CHI; LIN Y-TUNG
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 208-244. 
    Abstract   PDF (1872KB) ( 446 )
    An investigation of the recrystallization orientation and growth in iron-silicon alloys containing 3.25 and 3.45 percent silicon has been made by using the etch patterns. The experimental results showed that the temperatures of intermediate and final annealing affected the end orientation. The cube texture in the specimens could be developed either through primary recrystallization or through secondary recrystallization. It has also been found that the cube texture was intensified not only by raising the annealing temperature, but also regulating the duration required for reaching the final temperature.
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    ВАКУУМИРОВАНИЕ ЖИДКОЙ СТАЛИ
    Ханъ Яо-вэнь
    Acta Metall Sin, 1966, 9 (2): 212-225. 
    Abstract   PDF (1450KB) ( 433 )
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