Research Advance on Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Corrosion Resistant Si Enhanced Ferritic/Martensitic and Austenitic Stainless Steels
Received date: 2022-10-20
Revised date: 2022-11-10
Online published: 2023-01-13
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271077);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51871218);LingChuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporation, and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021189)
Structural materials are one of the major factors that restrict the lead-cooled fast reactor construction due to metallic elements that can dissolve in the liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), which may affect the structure's safety. T91 steel and 316 stainless steel are the leading structural materials for critical equipment such as fuel cladding, reactor vessels, and reactor core internals. The environmental compatibility of those steels with the liquid LBE needs to be systematically evaluated. However, T91 steel and 316 stainless steel suffer from rapid oxidation corrosion in oxygen-saturated LBE at 550oC. T91 steel's corrosion resistance in liquid LBE can be improved by decreasing the oxygen concentration (1.26 × 10-6%, mass fraction), but dissolved corrosion occurred at dissolved oxygen concentration below 1 × 10-6% for T91 steel and 316 stainless steel. T91 steel is sensitive to liquid metal embrittlement, significantly reducing its corrosion fatigue life in the liquid LBE. Compared to the standard (9%-12%)Cr ferritic/martensitic steel and 316 stainless steel, the microalloyed Si enhanced (9%-12%)Cr ferritic/martensitic steel (9Cr-Si and 12Cr-Si) and 316 stainless steel (ASS-Si) have good microstructural stability and comprehensive mechanical properties. The Si-rich oxide formation in liquid LBE improves the oxide film compactness and corrosion resistance. The dissolution corrosion was inhibited in static oxygen-saturation and oxygen-controlled (10-6%-10-7%) flowing liquid LBE (0.3 m/s) at 550oC for 9Cr-Si, 12Cr-Si, and ASS-Si. These alloys are expected to meet the design requirements for a lead-cooled fast reactor.
WU Xinqiang , RONG Lijian , TAN Jibo , CHEN Shenghu , HU Xiaofeng , ZHANG Yangpeng , ZHANG Ziyu . Research Advance on Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Corrosion Resistant Si Enhanced Ferritic/Martensitic and Austenitic Stainless Steels[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023 , 59(4) : 502 -512 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00531
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