Study on Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding Process of 5A06/0Cr18Ni10Ti with Interlayer
Shan SU()
1.Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automotive Components, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2. Impulse Manufacturing Laboratory, the Ohio State University, Columbus 43211, USA
Cite this article:
Shan SU. Study on Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding Process of 5A06/0Cr18Ni10Ti with Interlayer. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(8): 1041-1048.
Aluminum alloy and stainless steel composite structure have been widely used in the chemical industry. Aluminum alloy and stainless steel are difficult to weld by fusion weld method because of differences in physical and chemical properties. Joints of aluminum alloy 5A06 and 0Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel with good mechanical properties were created using vaporizing foil actuator welding with an interlayer. The interlayer was welded to both the target and the flyer on a ring-shaped welded area. The influences of the input energy on the time of the occurrence of vaporization and mechanical properties of the joints were analyzed. Single collection system and photonic Doppler velocimetry system were used to analyze the burst time, discharge current and voltage changes with energy input increased, and microstructure and element distribution were analyzed by OM and SEM with EDS. The results show that as the input energy increases, the vaporization of the foil occurred earlier and achieved higher impact velocity, resulting in a larger diameter of the welded area. The peak tensile load and shear load were increased with energy input increased, the peak tensile load is 44.0 kN and peak shear load is 2.1 kN with 9 kJ energy input. The Al3003 was joint to 5A06 in symmetric wavy pattern and joint with 0Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel by intermetallic compounds. The joining areas were not aligned.
Fig.1 Schematics of aluminum foil (unit: mm) (a) and experimental equipment (b, c)
Material
Si
Fe
Cu
Mn
Mg
Zn
Ti
Ni
C
Cr
N
Al
5A06
0.40
0.4
0.1
0.5~0.8
5.8~6.8
0.2
0.1
-
-
-
-
Bal.
3003
0.60
0.7
0.05~0.20
1.0~1.5
-
0.1
-
-
-
-
-
Bal.
0Cr18Ni10Ti
0.75
Bal.
-
2.0
-
-
0.7
9~12
0.08
17~19
0.1
-
Table 1 Chemical compositions of workpieces
Fig.2 Schematics of signal collecting system (a) and photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) system (b)
Fig.3 Schematics of peak tensile test (a) and lap-shear test (b)
Fig.4 Current and voltage of aluminum foil vaporized and the impact velocity of flyer and interlayer at 7 kJ energy input
Fig.5 Current and burst time of aluminum foil vaporized and the impact velocity of flyer at different energy inputs
Fig.6 Lap-shear test with different energy inputs
Fig.7 Fracture surface images of vaporizing foil actuator welding (VFAW) joints after peak tensile test with energy inputs of 5 kJ (a), 7 kJ (b) and 9 kJ (c)
Fig.8 OM images of 5A06/3003 interface with energy inputs of 5 kJ (a), 7 kJ (b) and 9 kJ (c)
Fig.9 SEM images of 3003/0Cr18Ni10Ti interface with 7 kJ energy input(a) unwelded area(b) intermetallic compound bonding area showed by rectangle areas(c) element diffusion bonding area
Fig.10 Element distributions of the 3003/0Cr18Ni10Ti interface at different areas along line 1 in Fig.9b (a) and line 2 in Fig.9c (b)Color online
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