轨道交通用SiCp 增强铝基复合材料制动盘研究与应用进展
收稿日期: 2025-12-16
修回日期: 2026-01-26
网络出版日期: 2026-07-14
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB3710602);国家自然科学基金项目(U24A2026)
Research and Application Progress of SiCp-Reinforced Aluminum-Based Composite Brake Discs for Rail Transit Vehicles
Received date: 2025-12-16
Revised date: 2026-01-26
Online published: 2026-07-14
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3710602);National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(U24A2026)
在“双碳”目标的推动下，轨道交通装备轻量化已成为行业发展的重要趋势。其中，制动盘作为制动系统的关键部件，其轻量化需求尤为突出。SiCp增强铝基复合材料凭借低密度、高热导率和优异的耐磨损性能，成为替代传统铸铁制动盘的理想选择。近年来，SiCp增强铝基复合材料制动盘已逐步在运行速度达120 km/h的城市轨道交通中实现批量化应用。然而，由于SiCp增强铝基复合材料在高温稳定性方面仍存在技术瓶颈，在运行速度140 km/h及以上市域铁路上尚未取得应用突破。围绕上述问题，本文系统介绍了轨道交通领域SiCp增强铝基复合材料制动盘的研究进展与工程应用现状，重点分析了其制备技术、核心性能、应用效果及评价标准，并探讨了未来研究发展方向。
谭东 , 吴刘坤 , 付康习 , 夏少华 , 李冲 , 崔雷 , 刘永长 , 昝宇宁 . 轨道交通用SiCp 增强铝基复合材料制动盘研究与应用进展[J]. 金属学报, 2026 , 62(7) : 1163 -1174 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2025.00409
Driven by the “dual-carbon” strategy, the lightweighting of rail transit equipment has become a dominant industry trend. Among the key components, the brake disc—critical to the braking system—faces particularly stringent weight-reduction requirements. SiCp-reinforced aluminum-based composites (SiCp/Al), known for their low density, high thermal conductivity, and superior wear resistance, are now regarded as the prime candidate to replace conventional cast-iron discs. In recent years, SiCp/Al brake discs have been implemented in urban rail transit vehicles operating at 120 km/h. However, their high-temperature stability remains a technical challenge, and no breakthroughs have been achieved for operation on suburban railways at speed ≥ 140 km/h. This study systematically reviews the research progress and engineering applications of SiCp/Al brake discs in rail transit, focusing on its fabrication methods, core performance, in-service behavior, and evaluation standards. Future development directions are discussed to guide technological innovation and the industrial deployment of advanced rail transit equipment.
Key words： aluminum-based composites; brake disc; rail transit; lightweighting
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