在高品质钢的生产过程中，二次精炼的最后阶段通常是钢包静置过程，以促进夹杂物的上浮去除，从而提高钢液的洁净度。本工作首先通过工业试验调研了钢包吹氩密封成分调整(CAS)精炼生产商用热轧低碳钢(SPHC低碳钢)时，钢包静置过程中夹杂物数密度和面积分数的演变。随后采用离散相模型建立了钢包静置过程中夹杂物运动和去除的数值模型。实验结果表明，随着静置时间的增加，夹杂物逐渐上浮并被去除，其数密度和面积分数分别从静置开始时的52.8 mm^-2和279 × 10^-6下降至静置15 min后的22.1 mm^-2和148 × 10^-6。计算结果表明，在钢包静置过程中，直径小于10 μm的夹杂物主要跟随钢液流动，钢包静置900和1800 s后的夹杂物去除率分别为51.6%和66.7%；直径为100 μm夹杂物的运动受到钢液流动和自身上浮的双重作用，钢包静置900和1800 s后其去除率分别为70.2%和89.2%；直径为1000 μm的夹杂物主要是自身上浮运动，在钢包静置120 s后其去除率已接近100%。

In high-quality steel production, the final stage of secondary refining typically involves a ladle holding period to facilitate the flotation and removal of inclusions. This improves the cleanliness of the molten steel. This study investigated the evolution of inclusion number density and area fraction during the ladle holding period by conducting industrial trial on composition adjustment via the sealed argon bubbling refining process of steel plate hot rolled commercial (SPHC) low-carbon steel. The results indicated that inclusions would be removed by floating during the ladle holding period. The inclusion number density and area fraction decreased from 52.8 mm^-2 and 279 × 10^-6 at the start of the holding period to 22.1 mm^-2 and 148 × 10^-6 after 15 min, respectively. To clarify the movement and removal of inclusions, a numerical model was developed based on a discrete phase model, incorporating multiphase flow and heat transfer during the ladle holding period. The calculations revealed the following conclusions: (1) inclusions smaller than 10 μm primarily followed the molten steel's fluid flow, with removal rates of 51.6% and 66.7% after 900 and 1800 s, respectively; (2) inclusions with a diameter of 100 μm were influenced by the molten steel's fluid flow and their buoyancy, achieving removal rates of 70.2% and 89.2% after 900 and 1800 s, respectively; (3) inclusions with a diameter of 1000 μm primarily underwent self-floating, reaching an approximately 100% removal rate after 120 s.