针对Ti及钛合金在激光加工过程中极易发生表面氧化的问题，提出了一种基于惰性电解液的阴极电保护激光加工工艺。利用SEM和EDS表征了该工艺中不同工作电流和电解液下加工区域的微观形貌和O含量。结果表明，利用电流竞争和提高电解液惰性的2个思路，可以降低激光加工区域的O含量。在工作电流为600 mA、电解液是0.2 mol/L KNaC₄H₄O₆ (酒石酸钾钠)的40%EtOH溶液时，加工区域极少产生裂纹、气孔等缺陷，且含O量降至4.9%。利用电压表和参比电极测量了装置的工作回路伏安特性曲线和阴极极化曲线，以明确本工艺的电力要求和样品的极化状况。结果表明，工作电流在150~900 mA的区间里，工作回路伏安特性曲线和阴极极化曲线都呈明显的线性关系。分析2条曲线，佐证了电解液惰性与O含量的关系：提高电解液惰性可以减少加工区域H₂O的供给，从而以减少反应物的方式阻止H₂O氧化Ti的反应正向移动，降低O含量。

Titanium and its alloys are highly susceptible to surface oxidation during laser processing. To address this issue, a cathodic electric protection laser processing technique based on an inert electrolyte is proposed. Further, to investigate the effectiveness of this technique, the microscopic morphology and the O content of laser processed area were characterized using SEM and EDS under different operating currents and electrolytes. The results prove that the O content of the laser processed area can be reduced by applying the following two approaches: current competition and the enhancement of the electrolyte's inertness. For an electrolyte obtained by dissolving 0.2 mol/L KNaC₄H₄O₆ (potassium sodium tartrate) in 40%EtOH and at an operating current of 600 mA, the processed area exhibited minimal defects, such as cracks and porosity, and the O content was reduced to 4.9%. A voltmeter and a reference electrode were used to determine the working circuit volt-ampere characteristic curve and the cathodic polarization curve. The results revealed that the curves exhibit an evident linear relationship within the operating current range of 150~900 mA. Further analysis supports the relationship between the electrolyte inertness and the O content: enhancing the electrolyte's inertness reduces the supply of H₂O in the processing area, thereby preventing the reaction between H₂O and Ti through the method of reducing reactants. Consequently, the O content is reduced.