航天装备牵引下的铝基复合材料研究进展与展望
收稿日期: 2022-11-28
修回日期: 2023-01-04
网络出版日期: 2023-02-07
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3707400)
Overview of Research and Development for Aluminum Matrix Composites Driven by Aerospace Equipment Demand
Received date: 2022-11-28
Revised date: 2023-01-04
Online published: 2023-02-07
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3707400)
天问一号是我国第一个行星探测器，其核心祝融号火星车承担着星面巡视和探测重任，已圆满完成预定90个火星日的探测并进入拓展任务。火星车上使用了多种SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料，分别满足承载结构、运动机构、探测器结构的轻量化、耐磨损、耐冲击、尺寸稳定等苛刻服役要求，用量刷新了我国航天器铝基复合材料占比记录。本文介绍了针对火星车需求的4种铝基复合材料的研发历程，尤其是性能仿真、材料成分设计与制备加工等。在此基础上，针对未来飞行器等先进装备更苛刻服役工况对材料性能的更高要求，对低成本、高效制备和快速响应的需求，介绍了基于材料基因工程思想与大科学装置的研发新模式，展望了铝基复合材料未来的发展方向。
马宗义 , 肖伯律 , 张峻凡 , 朱士泽 , 王东 . 航天装备牵引下的铝基复合材料研究进展与展望[J]. 金属学报, 2023 , 59(4) : 457 -466 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00605
Tianwen-1 is China's first planetary probe. Its core, the rover Zhurong, undertook the task of tour and survey, and had extended the mission over the designed 90-Martian-day period limit on Mars. The rover was equipped with various silicon-carbide-particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites for its bearing structure, motion system, and detectors to meet design requirements, such as lightweight, wear resistance, impact resistance, and dimensional stability. The use of these composites has set a new record for the proportion of aluminum matrix composites used in Chinese spacecraft. This paper discusses the research and development process of the four types of aluminum matrix composites used for the rover Zhurong: property simulation, material design, preparation, and processing. Additionally, the paper introduces new research and development paradigms based on material genetic engineering and the use of synchrotron radiation or neutron scattering facilities. The future development of aluminum matrix composites for high-tech equipment is also discussed.
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