突破强度-导电率制约关系：晶粒异构设计
收稿日期: 2022-05-07
修回日期: 2022-06-13
网络出版日期: 2022-07-11
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(52001313);中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M661151)
Breaking the Trade-Off Relation Between Strength and Electrical Conductivity: Heterogeneous Grain Design
Received date: 2022-05-07
Revised date: 2022-06-13
Online published: 2022-07-11
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52001313);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661151)
采用冷拉拔工艺制备了具有不同晶粒特征的工业纯Al线和工业纯Cu线,研究了晶粒对强度和导电率的影响机制。性能测试结果表明,拉拔变形后期,工业纯Al线和工业纯Cu线的强度和导电率同步提高,打破了强度和导电率传统的倒置关系。微观组织观察发现：随着拉拔变形量增大,轴向晶粒被拉长,径向晶粒逐渐细化,径向<001>织构向<111>织构转变,形成了晶粒形状异构和晶体取向异构的微观组织结构。理论分析表明：晶粒宽度和织构主要影响强度,晶粒长度主要影响导电率；提出了轴向长晶粒、径向细晶粒和径向硬取向织构是工业纯Al线和工业纯Cu线强度和导电率同步提高的根本原因。
侯嘉鹏 , 孙朋飞 , 王强 , 张振军 , 张哲峰 . 突破强度-导电率制约关系：晶粒异构设计[J]. 金属学报, 2022 , 58(11) : 1467 -1477 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00222
The trade-off relationship between the strength and the electrical conductivity has been the bottleneck restricting the development of conductive metallic materials with high strength and high electrical conductivity. In this study, commercially pure Al wires and commercially pure Cu wires with various grain characteristics were prepared by the cold-drawing process to investigate the influencing mechanisms of grain on strength and electrical conductivity. Surprisingly, the synchronous increase in strength and electrical conductivity may be achieved both for the commercially pure Al wires and commercially pure Cu wires in the later stage of cold-drawing deformation, which shatters the traditional constrictive relationship between the strength and the electrical conductivity. Additionally, the microstructure investigation demonstrates that with the increase of drawing deformation, the axial grains were lengthened, the radial grains were increasingly polished, and the radial <001> texture was transformed to <111> texture. Finally, the heterogeneous microstructures, including heterogeneous grain formation and heterogeneous crystal orientation were formed. The theoretical analysis reveals that the grain width and texture mainly influence the strength, and the grain length primarily influences the electrical conductivity. Consequently, the axial long grain, the radial fine grain, and radial hard orientation texture are proved to be the primary mechanisms causing the synchronous improvement of strength and electrical conductivity of commercially pure Al wires and commercially pure Cu wires. This suggests that the heterogeneous grain design may be considered a useful method to create conductive metallic materials with high strength and high electrical conductivity.
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