通过失重分析、腐蚀形貌观察、腐蚀产物分析和电化学测试等方法，对油库常用金属材料低碳钢Q235、管线钢L415和压力容器钢16MnNi暴露在湛江实际真实大气环境中180 d的初期腐蚀行为进行研究。结果表明，大气中的Cl^-、SO₂和紫外辐照的协同作用加剧了油库常用材料的腐蚀。锈层成分显著影响钢材的腐蚀过程，在此环境下，3种材料服役相同时间时，发生的腐蚀差异主要是由于腐蚀产物的种类和含量造成的。由于低碳钢Q235锈层中含有较多的β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH和Fe₃O₄，导致其较高的腐蚀速率。

The Zhanjiang oil station is located near the sea, and corrosion factors such as Cl^-, SO₂, humidity, and UV irradiation in the surrounding environment will endanger the service life of the common materials. Carbon steel Q235 is commonly used as an oil tank pressure ring, pipeline steel L415 is used for oil and gas transportation, and pressure vessel steel 16MnNi is commonly used as the outer wall material of an oil tank. These materials are easily corroded when they are directly exposed to the atmosphere, but there have been few studies in recent years on the short-term corrosion behaviour of common metal materials in oil stations in high humidity and high irradiation industrial marine atmosphere environments. In this work, the initial corrosion behaviour of carbon steel Q235, pipeline steel L415, and pressure vessel steel 16MnNi exposed to the real Zhanjiang atmospheric environment for 180 d were studied through weight loss analysis, corrosion product analysis, corrosion morphology observation, and electrochemical analysis. According to the thickness loss data, carbon steel Q235 had the weakest corrosion resistance of the three materials, whereas pipeline steel L415 had the best corrosion resistance. These common materials were exposed to the same atmospheric environment for the same amount of time, resulting in the same corrosion products in the rust layer, which contained α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, and Fe₃O₄. The difference was that the rust layer of carbon steel Q235 contained a high concentration of β-FeOOH, which may have facilitated the corrosion process. The concentration of γ-FeOOH and Fe₃O₄ varied amongst the three materials. The rust layer of carbon steel Q235 contained more γ-FeOOH and Fe₃O₄, followed by pressure vessel steel 16MnNi and pipeline steel L415, which had the least γ-FeOOH and Fe₃O₄. Furthermore, carbon steel Q235 had the thinnest rust layer and the greatest thickness loss, whereas pipeline steel L415 and pressure vessel steel 16MnNi had a thicker rust layer and less thickness loss. The results of electrochemical experiments showed that the rust layer of carbon steel Q235 has the weakest ability to protect the matrix, whereas the rust layer of L415 has the best ability to protect the matrix. Additionally, the synergistic effect of Cl^-, SO₂, and UV irradiation destroyed the protective layer of the rust layer and accelerated the corrosion.