对冷变形引入位错缺陷的奥氏体316不锈钢进行电化学充氢实验，采用正电子湮没谱学和热脱附谱仪对样品的氢致缺陷和充氢含量进行实验分析，研究位错对氢致缺陷的形成及氢在材料中滞留行为的作用。结果表明，充氢后正电子湮没Doppler展宽能谱的S参数增大，形变样品的S参数变化更为明显，表明形变样品充氢后形成了大量的空位型缺陷，而且H原子有可能在位错附近聚集形成大量开体积缺陷。S-W曲线显示充氢后正电子湮没参数向近表面移动，反映了样品中位错缺陷对H原子扩散行为的抑制作用，分析表明，充氢过程中氢与空位(V)结合形成H_mV_n(n > m)复合体的过程优先于空位缺陷的形成过程。热脱附谱结果显示，氢从位错中的脱附激活能增加，位错的存在使氢的滞留量增加。

The formation of hydrogen-induced defects in 316 stainless steel and the interaction between hydrogen and defects are crucial aspects to understand the failure law of the hydrogen-induced mechanical properties. Introducing various types of hydrogen sinks, such as interfaces and dislocations, is a popular method for reducing the concentration of residual hydrogen and curbing the mobility of hydrogen atoms in materials. In this work, positron annihilation spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) were used to measure the distribution of hydrogen-induced defects and hydrogen content in deformed 316 stainless steel with hydrogen charging. In particular, the influence of dislocations on the formation of hydrogen-induced defects and the hydrogen retention behavior in the specimens were experimentally investigated. The results show that the S-parameter increases upon hydrogen charging, and the W-parameter is negatively correlated with the S-parameter. The S-parameter value of the deformed sample was found to be larger than that of the annealed sample, indicating that the introduction of hydrogen results in the formation of vacancy defects in the sample. Additionally, hydrogen atoms may gather together to form a large number of volume defects near dislocations. The S-W curves show that the (S, W) point for the sample containing dislocations aggregates towards the surface after hydrogen charging, due to the hindered dislocation motion. In the deformed samples with low hydrogen charge current density, the vacancy formation rate was found to be slow, and the combination of excess hydrogen and vacancies was observed to give rise to hydrogen-vacancy clusters (H_mV_n), where n > m. The TDS results show that both the activation energy for hydrogen desorption and the amount of hydrogen retention increase due to the presence of dislocations.