高能球磨结合粉末冶金法制备碳纳米管增强7055Al复合材料的微观组织和力学性能
收稿日期: 2020-07-06
修回日期: 2020-09-28
网络出版日期: 2020-10-29
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(51931009);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0703104);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究计划项目(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC015);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2020197)
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes-Reinforced 7055Al Composites Fabricated by High-Energy Ball Milling and Powder Metallurgy Processing
Received date: 2020-07-06
Revised date: 2020-09-28
Online published: 2020-10-29
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51931009);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0703104);Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC015);Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2020197)
采用高能球磨结合粉末冶金工艺制备了碳纳米管(CNT)含量(体积分数)分别为0、1%和3%的CNT/7055Al复合材料。采用OM、SEM、TEM以及拉伸实验等方法研究了CNT/7055Al复合材料的CNT分布、晶粒结构、近界面结构及力学性能，分析了复合材料的强化机制和各向异性。结果表明，CNT/7055Al复合材料为无CNT的粗晶区与富集CNT的超细晶区组成的双模态晶粒结构；CNT在Al基体的超细晶区中分散良好，CNT-Al界面干净清洁，界面反应产物少；3%CNT/7055Al复合材料沿挤压方向的抗拉强度达到816 MPa，但延伸率仅为0.5%。细晶强化和Orowan强化是CNT/7055Al复合材料主要的强化机制。由于CNT沿不同方向的增强效率不同以及粗晶条带组织的存在，复合材料表现出比基体合金更强烈的各向异性，在垂直挤压方向的拉伸性能要弱于沿挤压方向的拉伸性能。
毕胜 , 李泽琛 , 孙海霞 , 宋保永 , 刘振宇 , 肖伯律 , 马宗义 . 高能球磨结合粉末冶金法制备碳纳米管增强7055Al复合材料的微观组织和力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2021 , 57(1) : 71 -81 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00238
In the recent years, lightweight and high-strength structural materials have gained much attention in engineering applications. Carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced Al (CNT/Al) composites are promising structural materials owing to the good mechanical properties and high reinforcing efficiency of CNTs. Previous studies on these composites mainly focused on fabricating CNT-reinforced low-strength or medium-high-strength Al alloys (such as pure Al, or 2xxx series or 6xxx series Al alloys) composites via various dispersion methods. However, only few studies investigated composites with super-high-strength Al alloys as the matrices. In the present work, CNT/7055Al composites with CNT volume fractions of 0%, 1%, and 3% were prepared by high-energy ball milling combined with powder metallurgy. The CNT distribution, grain structure, interface, and mechanical properties of the CNT/7055Al composite were investigated using OM, SEM, TEM, and tensile tests. The strengthening mechanism and anisotropy of the composite were analyzed. The results indicated that the composite had a bimodal grain structure consisting of CNT-free coarse grain zones and CNT-enriched ultrafine grain zones. CNTs were well dispersed in the ultrafine grain zones of the Al matrix, and the CNT/Al interface was clean. There were only few reaction products at the interface. The tensile strength of the 3%CNT/7055Al composite reached 816 MPa, but the elongation was only 0.5%. Grain refinement and Orowan strengthening were the main strengthening mechanisms of the CNT/7055Al composite. Because of the load transfer efficiency of CNTs and a coarse grain band structure, the composite exhibited stronger anisotropy than the matrix alloy. The tensile properties of the CNT/7055Al composite normal to the extrusion direction were weaker than those in the extrusion direction.
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