超高强高韧化钢的研究进展和展望
收稿日期: 2019-09-29
修回日期: 2019-11-05
网络出版日期: 2019-11-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(51831002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(FRF-TP-18-002C2)
Progress and Perspective of Ultra-High Strength Steels Having High Toughness
Received date: 2019-09-29
Revised date: 2019-11-05
Online published: 2019-11-15
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51831002);Foundamental Research Founds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-18-002C2)
超高强韧钢同时拥有超高强度和优良韧性，因而在国防和民用工程机械领域中广泛应用。本文首先综述了各类型传统超高强韧合金钢的典型钢种、成分、性能及应用和发展历程，并重点阐述了各典型钢种的组织和强韧化机理；然后介绍了近年所研发的具有代表性的新型超高强韧钢的成分、组织、强韧化机理及力学性能；接着梳理了我国近年来由于快速发展的经济需求和地理、资源等特点，出现了对现役超高强韧钢进行升级换代的迫切需求，包括新型轻质装甲防护钢、大型球磨机用钢、高山隧道挖掘的盾构机刃具用钢以及石油工程机械中的高压压裂泵用钢等；最后介绍了作者团队近期在超高强韧钢的一些最新研究成果，并据此提出超高强韧钢未来发展的思路。
罗海文 , 沈国慧 . 超高强高韧化钢的研究进展和展望[J]. 金属学报, 2020 , 56(4) : 494 -512 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00328
Ultra-high strength steels have been widely used in the critical engineering structures in both military and civilian applications due to the combination of ultra-high strength and excellent toughness. In this paper, firstly, the typical ultra-high strength steel grades that have been employed were introduced, and their compositions, mechanical properties, application and histories of development were summarized with the emphasis on their microstructures and strengthening/toughening mechanism; secondly, the latest progress on the emerging ultra-high strength steel grades was reviewed, including their compositions, microstructures, strengthening mechanism and mechanical properties; thirdly, the newly emerging demands on replacing the currently employed ultra-high strength steels in China were defined, including steels for low-density but ultra-strong armors, the large ball grinding mill, cutters of tunnel boring machine and high pressure fracturing pump; finally, recent research results on ultra-high strength and high-toughness medium Mn steel were presented, which overcame the trade-off of strength and toughness to a greater extent; on this basis, some suggestions were put forward for the future development of these steel grades to meet the urgent national demands.
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