以超高强度马氏体时效钢和316L奥氏体不锈钢作为材料组元，研究了在高真空度下热压变形量对异质多层金属复合材料界面结合强度和界面特征的影响，探索了异质多层金属复合材料制备的可行性。结果表明，在真空热压过程中，不同变形量下复合材料的界面均十分清晰并保持平直，且发生了轻微的元素扩散。由于高温下各材料组元的流变性能存在差异，316L奥氏体不锈钢层发生明显的动态回复与动态再结晶，而马氏体时效钢层以变形态组织为主。将轧制和热处理工艺组合，制备出9层和11层块体金属复合材料。三点弯曲实验结果表明，裂纹最先萌生于受拉应力的最外侧，之后由于多层金属复合材料中异质界面的钝化、分层、桥接等作用，延长了裂纹的扩展路径并消耗了更多的能量，展现出极佳的阻碍裂纹扩展的能力。

With the development of science and technology, more and more products with excellent quanlity and abundant functionalities have been exploited and provided. Inspired by the concept of "brick wall" structure or layer structure with alternated distribution of hard and soft phases discovered in nature creatures such as mother pearl shellfish, a entirely novel steel composite which not only can minimize the shortcomings of the original materials at the maximum extent, but also possess excellent mechanical performance as well as new physical properties, has been developed. Taking ultra-high strength maraging steel and 316L austenitic stainless steel as the original materials, the influence of deformation reduction under high vacuum on interfacial bonding strength and interface characteristics of heterogeneous multi-layered metal composites was studied, and the fabrication feasibility of heterogeneous multi-layered metal composites was explored. The results showed that in the vacuum hot-pressing process, the interfaces under different deformations were clear and straight. Slight mutual diffusion phenomenon occurred in the hot-pressing process. Due to the difference of rheological properties of the original materials at high temperature, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization occurred in the 316L layer, while deformed microstructure was dominant in the maraging steel layer. Combined with rolling process and heat treatment, bulk metal composites with 9 layers and 11 layers were prepared, respectively. The results of the three-point bending experiment showed that the crack occurred firstly at the outermost side of the multi-layer composites which withstood the tensile stress. Due to the passivation, delamination and bridging of heterogeneous interface in the multi-layer metal composites, the propagation path of crack was greatly extended and more energy was consumed, which showed excellent ability to block the crack propagation.