高温合金盘锻件制备工艺过程中形成的内部残余应力是涡轮盘件尺寸精度和使用稳定性的重要影响因素。本文综述了高温合金盘锻件内部残余应力的中子衍射法和轮廓法测试技术，以及残余应力在固溶淬火、时效热处理和零件加工过程的分布特征、演化规律和内在机制：高温合金盘锻件的内部残余应力主要源于淬火过程的温度梯度，以弦向和径向应力为主，沿截面轮廓呈“内拉外压”特征分布，其数值与淬火态合金的屈服强度相当；时效热处理后小部分残余应力通过塑性变形和蠕变释放；热处理过程中强化相的析出与残余应力演化存在显著交互影响；零件加工过程中，残余应力会随着加工余量脱离本体而被部分释放，残余应力在再平衡过程发生变化所引起的附加力矩是加工变形的主要原因。

Significant interior residual stresses, which were generated during the manufacture process, could affect the machining dimension precision and structural stability during the subsequent machining process and service operation in the superalloys component, such as turbine disk. In this paper, the neutron diffraction method and contour method are described for measuring the distribution of interior residual stresses. The distribution, evolution of interior residual stress, and its mechanism are analyzed during quenching, ageing heat treatment and machining process in superalloys disk forging. The residual stresses are mainly generated by the temperature gradient formed during rapid cooling after solution heat treatment. After quenching, the residual stresses in hoop direction and radial direction of disc forging are significant, and its distribution along the profile is characterized by "internal tension and external pressure". The magnitudes of the residual stresses are equivalent to the yield strength of as-quenched alloys at room temperature. Quenching-induced residual stresses are partially relieved during the ageing process due to plastic strain and creep-controlled dislocation rearrangement. The precipitation behavior of γ″ or γ′ phase during heat treatment has a significant interaction with the distribution and magnitude of residual stress. During the machining process, part of the residual stresses contributing to the equilibrium of the internal forces are removed along with the material. Additional moment caused by re-balance of residual stresses results in the serious consequences of distortion in the remaining body.