基于团簇模型设计的镍基单晶高温合金(Ni, Co)-Al-(Ta, Ti)-(Cr, Mo, W)及其在900 ℃下1000 h的长期时效行为
作者简介 张 宇,男,1985年生,博士生
收稿日期: 2017-08-14
网络出版日期: 2018-01-22
基金资助
国家重点科研发展计划项目No.2016YFB0701401及国家自然科学基金项目No.11674045
Nickel-Based Single-Crystal Superalloys (Ni, Co)-Al-(Ta, Ti)-(Cr, Mo, W) Designed by Cluster-Plus-Glue-Atom Model and Their 1000 h Long-Term Ageing Behavior at 900 ℃
Received date: 2017-08-14
Online published: 2018-01-22
Supported by
Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFB0701401) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11674045)
基于团簇加连接原子模型,通过Ta-Ti和Ni-Co互换对第一代镍基单晶高温合金进行成分设计,并对所设计的A组和B组成分系列进行选晶法单晶制备、初熔温度测试、标准热处理和900 ℃、1000 h长期时效。其中,A组为[Al-Ni11Co1](Al1TaxTi0.5-xCr1W0.25Mo0.25),x=0、0.25和0.5 (对应Ta和Ti的质量分数分别为0Ta-2.65Ti、4.82Ta-1.26Ti和9.32Ta-0Ti);B组为[Al-Ni12-yCoy](Al1Ta0.25Ti0.25Cr1W0.25Mo0.25),y=1.5、1.75、2和2.5 (对应的Co质量分数分别为9.43Co、11Co、12.57Co和15.71Co)。在A组合金中,随Ta的增加(Ti的降低),初熔温度升高,均超过1330 ℃,其中9.32Ta-0Ti最高,在1335~1340 ℃之间;标准热处理后γ/γ′负错配度从-0.262%减小到-0.247%;长期时效中γ′的粗化得到抑制,9.32Ta-0Ti的粗化速率最低 (K=5.6×10-5 μm3/h)。对于B组合金,Co含量变化未明显改变初熔温度和长期时效γ′粗化速率,但初熔温度同样超过1330 ℃,Co作用主要体现在提高标准热处理后的γ′体积分数(约69%)和减小γ′尺寸(约0.55 μm)。2组合金的粗化速率均接近三代单晶合金水平(K≈(2.08~3.82)×10-5 μm3/h)。
张宇 , 王清 , 董红刚 , 董闯 , 张洪宇 , 孙晓峰 . 基于团簇模型设计的镍基单晶高温合金(Ni, Co)-Al-(Ta, Ti)-(Cr, Mo, W)及其在900 ℃下1000 h的长期时效行为[J]. 金属学报, 2018 , 54(4) : 591 -602 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00334
It has been pointed out recently that the compositions of industrial alloys are originated from cluster-plus-glue-atom structure units in solid solutions. Specifically for nickel-based superalloys, after properly grouping the alloying elements into Al, Ni-like (, including Ni, Co, Fe, Re, Ru and Ir), γ′γ′, including Ta, Ti, V, Nb), and γ-forming Cr-like (γ, including Cr, Mo and W), the optimal formula for single-crystal superalloys has been established [Al-12](Al1γ′0.5γ1.5). In this work, the first generation single-crystal superalloys were investigated on the basis of the proposed formula, by using =(Ni and Co), γ′=(Ta and Ti), and γ=(Cr, Mo and W). Two series of alloys were designed, formulated respectively as group A: [Al-Ni11Co1](Al1TaxTi0.5-xCr1W0.25Mo0.25), with x=0, 0.25 and 0.5 (the corresponding mass fractions of Ta and Ti are respectively 0Ta-2.65Ti, 4.82Ta-1.26Ti and 9.32Ta-0Ti), and group B: [Al-Ni12-yCoy](Al1Ta0.25Ti0.25Cr1W0.25Mo0.25), with y=1.5, 1.75, 2 and 2.5 (the corresponding mass fractions of Co are respectively 9.43Co, 11Co, 12.57Co and 15.71Co). The single-crystal superalloys were prepared using selector technique. And then they underwent the following tests of incipient melting, standard heat treatment and 1000 h long term ageing at 900 ℃. It is found that: (1) In group A, with increasing Ta content (decreasing Ti), all the incipient melting temperatures are increased to above 1330 ℃, and to the highest value is between 1335 ℃ and 1340 ℃ for alloy 9.32Ta-0Ti; the γ/γ′ lattice negative misfits after standard heat treatment are reduced from -0.262% (0Ta-2.65Ti) to -0.247% (9.32Ta-0Ti); the γ′ coarsening tendency after long-term ageing is deduced, and alloy 9.32Ta-0Ti has the lowest coarsening rate (K=5.6×10-5 μm3/h). (2) In group B, the Co content does not influence the incipient melting temperature (always above 1330 ℃) and the coarsening rate of γ′ after long-term ageing. The major role of Co is to increase the mean size of the γ′ precipitates to about 0.55 μm and the γ′ volume fraction to about 69% after the standard heat treatment. These two groups of alloys have their γ′ coarsening rates approaching the level of third-generation single-crystal superalloys (K≈(2.08~3.82)×10-5 μm3/h).
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