针对高锰TRIP钢、纯Cu、IF钢及装甲钢, 利用Hopkinson杆在应变率为10³~10⁴ s^-1进行动态压缩实验, 考察其抗冲击性能及剪切带形成时微观组织的差异. 结果表明: 动态剪切变形下, 纯Cu和IF钢不易形成绝热剪切带, 缺乏加工硬化能力, 从而抗冲击性差; 具有马氏体组织的装甲钢快速形成绝热剪切带, 但剩余强度高, 抗高速冲击性强; 以奥氏体为主的TRIP钢有最高的加工硬化性, 形变中产生的bcc马氏体(α′-M)可有效推迟绝热剪切带的产生且裂纹不易扩展, 适于作为抗冲击材料. 纯Cu及IF钢扩展的剪切组织为拉长的亚晶和小角晶界, 剪切微织构弱, 而TRIP钢及装甲钢绝热剪切带为细小的等轴晶和大角晶界, TRIP钢形成较强的{111}-{112}<110> fcc剪切微织构, 装甲钢则形成弱的{110}<111> bcc剪切微织构.

Dynamic compression tests on high manganese TRIP steel, pure copper, IF steel and armor steel were conducted on Hopkinson bar at the strain rate of 10³~10⁴ s^-1 to make comparisons of impact resistance and microstructural features. Results show that under dynamic compression, adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) do not occur easily on pure copper and IF steel. In addition, both pure copper and IF steel show a weak resistance to impact loading due to the poor work hardening capability. The ASB occurs quickly in armor steel containing martensite and the steel shows higher residual strength, which renders it suitable application in the condition of high speed deformation. TRIP steel consisting mainly of austenite has the highest work hardening rate and the α′-M induced by deformation can delay the ASBs formation and prevent the crack extension, manifesting that it is suitable for the use at high speed deformation. Elongated subgrains and low angle grain boundaries are found within the shear bands in pure copper and IF steel with weak microtextures, whereas the ASBs in both TRIP steel and armor steel demonstrate small equiaxed grains and high angle grain boundaries. Strong fcc shearing-type microtexture of {111}-{112}<110> and weak bcc shearing-type microtexture of {110}<111> are formed within ASBs of TRIP steel and armor steel respectively.