机械合金化和放电等离子烧结制备Al－Fe合金的微观组织演变

顾健; 古飒飒; 薛丽红; 吴树森; 严有为

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00647

金属学报 >

2013 , Vol. 29 >Issue 4: 435 - 442

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00647

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机械合金化和放电等离子烧结制备Al－Fe合金的微观组织演变

顾健 ,
古飒飒 ,
薛丽红 ,
吴树森 ,
严有为

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华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室, 武汉 430074

顾健, 男, 1987 年生, 硕士生

收稿日期: 2012-10-29

修回日期: 2012-12-27

网络出版日期: 2013-04-11

基金资助

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2012CB619600, 国家自然科学基金项目51002054及中央高校基本科研业务费项目 2011TS014资助

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MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION OF Al－Fe ALLOYS PREPARED BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING AND SPARK PLASMA SINTERING

GU Jian ,
GU Sasa ,
XUE Lihong ,
WU Shusen ,
YAN Youwei

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State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074

Received date: 2012-10-29

Revised date: 2012-12-27

Online published: 2013-04-11

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摘要

采用机械合金化 (MA) 和放电等离子烧结 (SPS) 工艺制备致密的块体Al－Fe合金. 微观结构分析表明, MA 0和10 h的粉末经过SPS后, 在Al基体上分布着Al/Al₁₃Fe₄/Al₅Fe₂/Fe层状结构的大颗粒铝铁金属间化合物相和细小的条状或点状的Al₁₃Fe₄金属间化合物相; MA 20 h的粉末经过SPS后只有单一的Al₁₃Fe₄相均匀弥散分布于Al基体上.对Al－Fe二元体系进行热力学和动力学分析, 在SPS过程中Al/Fe界面上的初生形核相为Al₁₃Fe₄, 但由于Al₅Fe₂的Gibbs自由能比Al₁₃Fe₄低, 大颗粒中心部分的Fe与接触的Al₁₃Fe₄能进一步发生反应,生成Al₅Fe₂的同时Fe颗粒自身尺寸相应减小, 这是大颗粒铝铁金属间化合物中Al/Al₁₃Fe₄/Al₅Fe₂/Fe层状结构形成的原因.

关键词： Al－Fe合金; 机械合金化; 放电等离子烧结; 微观组织

本文引用格式

顾健 , 古飒飒 , 薛丽红 , 吴树森 , 严有为 . 机械合金化和放电等离子烧结制备Al－Fe合金的微观组织演变[J]. 金属学报, 2013 , 29(4) : 435 -442 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00647

Abstract

Al－Fe alloys have wide potential applications in automobile and aerospace industries due to their high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good stability of microstructure and excellent high temperature strength. However, a wide variety of metastable phases can be formed in Al－Fe binary system, such as Al(Fe) supersaturated solid solution, amorphous and intermetallic phase. In order to better understand the phase formation in Al－Fe alloys, a systematic investigation of microstructure evolution is necessary. In this work, bulk dense Al－5Fe alloys were fabricated by mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The phases, microstructures and morphologies of MA powders and the corresponding sintered samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. Special attention was paid to the effects of different milling times on structural change of phases during MA－SPS process. The results showed that during the MA, the size of alloy powders increased with increasing milling time (0－-10 h), and then decreased with further milling time (10－-20 h). The (111)_Al peaks in XRD spectra of MA powders shifted to higher angles with the increase of milling time, indicating the dissolution of Fe atoms into the Al crystal lattice. Homogeneous Al(Fe) solid solutions were obtained after MA for 20 h. Bulk samples sintered from MA powders of 0 and 10 h contained Al/Al₁₃Fe₄/Al₅Fe₂/Fe layer structure intermetallic phase and tiny Al₁₃Fe₄ phase in the Al matrix. However, bulk sample sintered from MA powders of 20 h contained only relatively small Al₁₃Fe₄ phase in the Al matrix. Based on thermodynamic analysis (effective heat of formation theory) and kinetic analysis (spherical shell model), the primary phase that formed on the interfacial layer of Al/Fe was Al₁₃Fe₄, and then Al₅Fe₂ can be formed by the reaction of residual Fe and Al₁₃Fe₄ for the lower Gibbs free energy of Al₅Fe₂ compared to that of Al₁₃Fe₄, leading to the formation of Al/Al₁₃Fe₄/Al₅Fe₂/Fe layer structure intermetallic phase. The absence of Al₅Fe₂ and Fe phases in sample sintered from MA powders of 20 h were attributed to the complete reaction between relatively small Fe particles and Al melt during SPS process.

Key words： Al－Fe alloy; mechanical alloying; spark plasma sintering; microstructure

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