Softening Mechanism and Hydrogen Permeability of Rare Earth Y-Doped V-Cr Alloys
Received date: 2023-08-17
Revised date: 2024-04-25
Online published: 2024-05-21
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51875002);Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy(SKLASS 2022-13);Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19DZ2270200);Open Project of Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials(GFST2022KF08)
V100 - x Cr x (x = 8 or 10, atomic fraction, %) hydrogen-separation alloys undergo cracks during cold rolling and are difficult to be shaped via room temperature processing. However, the addition of rare-earth element Y can greatly improve their cold-rolling plastic deformation ability, facilitating the low-cost fabrication of V-based alloy membranes for hydrogen separation with high flux on a large scale. In order to achieve both high hydrogen-permeation efficiency and service life, insight into the hydrogen permeability and hydrogen-embrittlement resistance is required on the basis of excellent cold-rolling formability. In this work, the effects of Y addition on the microstructure, cold-rolling formability, hydrogen permeability, and hydrogen-embrittlement resistance of as-cast V100 - x - y Cr x Y y (x = 8, y = 1; x = 10, y = 0, 1, 3) hydrogen-separation alloys were studied using an oxygen-nitrogen-hydrogen analyzer, a cold-rolling machine, a hardness tester, a tension machine, and a hydrogen-permeation device as well as via XRD, SEM, TEM, and EPMA. In addition, the causes of the embrittlement of the V100 - x Cr x alloys and plasticization mechanism of V-Cr-Y alloys were explained. The microstructure formation and hydrogen-embrittlement resistance of V-Cr and V-Cr-Y alloys were also analyzed. Results showed that V-Cr alloys show a single-phase equiaxed grain microstructure, while V-Cr-Y alloys show a composite microstructure comprising a dendritic solid solution and secondary-phase particles located in the inter-dendritic region. The addition of Y in binary V-Cr alloys remarkably reduces the hardness, thereby greatly improving cold-rolling formability. Among the V91Cr8Y1, V89Cr10Y1, and V87Cr10Y3 alloys, V91Cr8Y1 showed the lowest hardness (108.88 HV) and highest maximum cold-rolling reduction rate (94.5%). Although the hydrogen permeability of the V-Cr-Y alloys was lower than those of Y-free alloys, it was still 2.5-3.0 times higher than those of commercial Pd77Ag23 alloys. Moreover, the V-Cr-Y alloys showed much better hydrogen-embrittlement resistance than those of V-Cr alloys and could be slowly cooled to room temperature without rupture. Rare-earth metal Y as a scavenger could react with O and S to form secondary-phase particles, exerting a purification effect, which softened the matrix and reduced the resistance of alloys to plastic deformation. Thus, high-performance V-Cr-Y alloy membranes with an excellent combination of formability and hydrogen-embrittlement resistance were prepared.
YANG Bo , CHEN Xiaoliang , SHI Xiaobin , REN Wei , GAO Heng , SONG Guangsheng . Softening Mechanism and Hydrogen Permeability of Rare Earth Y-Doped V-Cr Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2025 , 61(6) : 887 -899 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00346
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