Influence of Cu Content on the Negative Effect of Natural Aging in SiC/Al-Mg-Si-Cu Composites
Received date: 2020-08-27
Revised date: 2020-10-04
Online published: 2021-01-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51671191、51931009)
Most Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys and their composites are affected by natural aging processes. When natural aging precedes artificial aging, it impairs the hardening during artificial aging. This study investigates the influence of Cu content on the negative effects of natural aging in silicon carbide (SiC) (17% volume fraction) reinforced Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-xCu (x = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, and 1.2, mass fraction, %) composites. The samples were investigated by hardness analysis, DSC, and TEM. For comparison, Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-xCu alloys were examined by the same methods. The difference in hardness (ΔH) between samples in the direct artificial aging state and those that were naturally aged for 14 d before artificial aging were compared with Cu-containing and Cu-free samples. The values of ΔH were lower in the Cu-containing samples, indicating that Cu mitigated the negative effects of natural aging. However, the values of ΔH fluctuated as the Cu content increased. DSC and TEM results revealed the addition of Cu promoted the precipitation of β" phases (the primary strengthening phases in Al-Mg-Si alloys) and the formation of stable L phases during artificial aging. This morphological behavior explained why Cu inhibited the negative effects of natural aging. On the downside, Cu aggravated the formation of clusters during natural aging, which resisted precipitation and negatively affected the hardening during artificial aging. The contrasting beneficial and adverse influence on the effects of natural aging caused the fluctuations in ΔH. The mitigating effect of Cu differed between the 17%SiC/Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-xCu composites and Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-xCu alloys. A small amount of Cu (0.2%, mass fraction) significantly reduced the ΔHof the composite, but the Al alloy with 0.2%Cu failed to elicit this effect. This result can be explained by two observations. First, the DSC results showed that in the Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-0.2Cu alloys, Cu significantly aggravated the clustering of solute atoms during natural aging, whereas in the 17%SiC/Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-0.2Cu composites, formation of clusters was low because the vacancies were annihilated by interfaces and dislocations. Second, the TEM results revealed the presence of L phases in the 17%SiC/Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-0.2Cu composites, which were absent in the Al-1.2Mg-0.6Si-0.2Cu alloys.
Shize ZHU , Dong WANG , Quanzhao WANG , Bolv XIAO , Zongyi MA . Influence of Cu Content on the Negative Effect of Natural Aging in SiC/Al-Mg-Si-Cu Composites[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021 , 57(7) : 928 -936 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00330
| 1 | Zhou L, Zhang P F, Wang Q Z, et al. Multi-scale study on the fracture behavior of hot compression B4C/6061Al composite [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2019, 55: 911 |
| 1 | 周 丽, 张鹏飞, 王全兆等. B4C/6061Al复合材料热压缩断裂行为的多尺度研究 [J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55: 911 |
| 2 | Zhu S Z, Ma G N, Wang D, et al. Suppressed negative influence of natural aging in SiCp/6092Al composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2019, A767: 138422 |
| 3 | Li Y Z, Wang Q Z, Wang W G, et al. Effect of interfacial reaction on age-hardening ability of B4C/6061Al composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A620: 445 |
| 4 | Pogatscher S, Antrekowitsch H, Leitner H, et al. Mechanisms controlling the artificial aging of Al-Mg-Si Alloys [J]. Acta Mater., 2011, 59: 3352 |
| 5 | Chang C S T, Wieler I, Wanderka N, et al. Positive effect of natural pre-ageing on precipitation hardening in Al-0.44at% Mg-0.38at% Si alloy [J]. Ultramicroscopy, 2009, 109: 585 |
| 6 | Serizawa A, Hirosawa S, Sato T. Three-dimensional atom probe characterization of nanoclusters responsible for multistep aging behavior of an Al-Mg-Si alloy [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2008, 39A: 243 |
| 7 | Tao G H, Liu C H, Chen J H, et al. The influence of Mg/Si ratio on the negative natural aging effect in Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A642: 241 |
| 8 | Zandbergen H W, Andersen S J, Jansen J. Structure determination of Mg5Si6 particles in Al by dynamic electron diffraction studies [J]. Science, 1997, 277: 1221 |
| 9 | Murayama M, Hono K, Miao W F, et al. The effect of Cu additions on the precipitation kinetics in an Al-Mg-Si alloy with excess Si [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2001, 32A: 239 |
| 10 | Tors?ter M, Lefebvre W, Marioara C D, et al. Study of intergrown L and Q′ precipitates in Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2011, 64: 817 |
| 11 | Ding L P, Jia Z H, Zhang Z Q, et al. The natural aging and precipitation hardening behaviour of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys with different Mg/Si ratios and Cu additions [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A627: 119 |
| 12 | Zandbergen M W, Cerezo A, Smith G D W. Study of precipitation in Al-Mg-Si Alloys by atom probe tomography II. Influence of Cu additions [J]. Acta Mater., 2015, 101: 149 |
| 13 | Ma G N, Wang D, Liu Z Y, et al. Effect of hot pressing temperature on microstructure and tensile properties of SiC/Al-Zn-Mg-Cu composites [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2019, 55: 1319 |
| 13 | 马国楠, 王 东, 刘振宇等. 热压烧结温度对SiC/Al-Zn-Mg-Cu复合材料微观结构与力学性能的影响 [J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55: 1319 |
| 14 | Ma G N, Wang D, Liu Z Y, et al. An investigation on particle weakening in T6-treated SiC/Al-Zn-Mg-Cu composites [J]. Mater. Charact., 2019, 158: 109966 |
| 15 | Jin P, Xiao B L, Wang Q Z, et al. Effect of solution temperature on aging behavior and properties of SiCp/Al-Cu-Mg composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2011, A528: 1504 |
| 16 | Edwards G A, Stiller K, Dunlop G L, et al. The precipitation sequence in Al-Mg-Si alloys [J]. Acta Mater., 1998, 46: 3893 |
| 17 | Bryant J D. The effects of preaging treatments on aging kinetics and mechanical properties in AA6111 aluminum autobody sheet [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 1999, 30A: 1999 |
| 18 | Chang C S T, Banhart J. Low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry of an Al-Mg-Si alloy [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2011, 42A: 1960 |
| 19 | Dumitraschkewitz P, Uggowitzer P J, Gerstl S S A, et al. Size-dependent diffusion controls natural aging in aluminium alloys [J]. Nat. Commun., 2019, 10: 4746 |
| 20 | Birol Y. Restoration of the bake hardening response in a naturally aged twin-roll cast AlMgSi automotive sheet [J]. Scr. Mater., 2006, 54: 2003 |
| 21 | Weng Y Y, Jia Z H, Ding L P, et al. Clustering behavior during natural aging and artificial aging in Al-Mg-Si alloys with different Ag and Cu addition [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A732: 273 |
| 22 | Pogatscher S, Antrekowitsch H, Leitner H, et al. Influence of the thermal route on the peak-aged microstructures in an Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy [J]. Scr. Mater., 2013, 68: 158 |
| 23 | Weng Y Y, Jia Z H, Ding L P, et al. Special segregation of Cu on the habit plane of lath-like β′ and QP2 precipitates in Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2018, 151: 33 |
| 24 | Jia Z H, Ding L P, Cao L F, et al. The influence of composition on the clustering and precipitation behavior of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2017, 48A: 459 |
| 25 | Saito T, Ehlers F J H, Lefebvre W, et al. Cu atoms suppress misfit dislocations at the β″/Al interface in Al-Mg-Si alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2016, 110: 6 |
| 26 | Chrominski W, Lewandowska M. Precipitation phenomena in ultrafine grained Al-Mg-Si alloy with heterogeneous microstructure [J]. Acta Mater., 2016, 103: 547 |
| 27 | Zurob H S, Seyedrezai H. A model for the growth of solute clusters based on vacancy trapping [J]. Scr. Mater., 2009, 61: 141 |
| 28 | Yang W S, Chen G Q, Qiao J, et al. Effect of Mg addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC nanowires reinforced 6061Al matrix composite [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A689: 189 |
| 29 | Zhang Q, Ma X Y, Wu G H. Interfacial microstructure of SiCp/Al composite produced by the pressureless infiltration technique [J]. Ceram. Int., 2013, 39: 4893 |
| 30 | Salvo L, L'Espérance G, Suéry M, et al. Interfacial reactions and age hardening in Al-Mg-Si metal matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 1994, A177: 173 |
| 31 | Shi Z L, Yang J M, Lee J C, et al. The interfacial characterization of oxidized SiC(p)/2014 Al composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2001, A303: 46 |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
