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Acta Metall Sin  2017, Vol. 53 Issue (5): 524-530    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00260
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Preparation of Micro Porous Stainless Steel by Physical Vacuum Dealloying
Jun LI1,2,Wenpeng LIU1,3,Yibin REN1(),Minggang SHEN3,Ke YANG1
1 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3 School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
Cite this article: 

Jun LI,Wenpeng LIU,Yibin REN,Minggang SHEN,Ke YANG. Preparation of Micro Porous Stainless Steel by Physical Vacuum Dealloying. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(5): 524-530.

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Abstract  

More and more attentions have been paid to porous stainless steel, as the excellent performance in the physical, chemical and mechanical properties, in the field of solid oxide fuel cell, medical drug for implantable devices and so on. In this work, a new method called physical vacuum dealloying has been applied to produce porous stainless steel. Firstly, 316L-50Mn initial alloy was successfully melted by vacuum induction furnace, then the porous stainless steel was developed by 316L-50Mn after heat treatment in vacuum environment in this experiment. SEM, EDS and XRD were used to analyze the porous stainless steel made by physical vacuum dealloying method. Meanwhile, the effects of temperature and time on the formation, development and morphology of pores during the dealloying process were also studied. The results show that it was effective to produce porous stainless steel by physical vacuum dealloying method. The porosity of micro pores in porous stainless steel is 30%~60%, with 0.5~3 μm pore size, and the 15~60 μm thickness. The temperature mainly affects the hole formation and development by influencing the evaporation and bulk diffusion rate of Mn element, and time plays a major role in the thickness of the porous layer in the process of preparing porous stainless steel.
Key words:  porous stainless steel      physical vacuum dealloying      micro pore      Kirkendall effect      diffusion ratediffusion     
Received:  27 June 2016     
Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31370976) and National Basic Research Program of China (No.2012CB619101)
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Jun LI
Wenpeng LIU
Yibin REN
Minggang SHEN
Ke YANG

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00260     OR     https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2017/V53/I5/524

Fig.1  Equipment of physical vacuum dealloying
Fig.2  XRD spectra of 316L stainless steel and 316L-50Mn alloy before and after 850 ℃, 8 h physical vacuum dealloying
Fig.3  Low (a~c) and high (d~f) magnified SEM images of 316L-50Mn alloy after physical vacuum dealloying at 800 ℃ (a, d), 850 ℃(b, e) and 900 ℃ (c, f) for 2 h
Fig.4  SEM image (a) and EDS analysis of pore walls (b) and white particles (c) of surface on 316L-50Mn alloy after 800 ℃, 2 h physical vacuum dealloying
Fig.5  Surface (a~c) and cross section (d~f) SEM images of 316L-50Mn alloy after physical vacuum dealloying at 850 ℃ for 2 h (a, d) , 4 h (b, e) and 8 h (c, f)
Temperature Time Weight loss rate
℃ h %
800 2 1.6
850 2 4.4
900 2 5.2
850 4 8.9
850 8 12.8
Table 1  Weight loss rates of 316L-50Mn alloy after different processes of physical vacuum dealloying
Fig.6  Mechanism of pore forming in 316L-50Mn alloy in the process of physical vacuum dealloying
Element Temperature p* Temp. range D
℃ Pa K m2s-1
Cr 800 2.14×10-7 298~m.p. 4.45×10-18
850 1.45×10-6 1.86×10-17
900 8.38×10-6 6.90×10-17
Fe 800 7.63×10-8 900~1812 1.59×10-18
850 5.19×10-7 6.54×10-18
900 2.98×10-6 2.39×10-17
Mn 800 3.37×10-2 993~1373 2.91×10-18
850 1.24×10-1 1.07×10-17
900 4.07×10-1 3.50×10-17
Table 2  Saturated vapor pressure and diffusion coefficients of Cr, Fe and Mn in 316L-50Mn alloy at different temperatures[21]
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