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| ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE QUALITY OF BALL-BEARING STEEL L THE EFFECT OF SMELTING AND CASTING PRACTICE ON NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN BALL-BEARING STEEL |
| SIH TSON-YOW;HSING CHUNG-SHU;CHENG SHU-TANG;LEE CHIN-YUAN;CHANG WEN-PO;LI HER-SHENG Institute of Metal Research; Academia Sinica |
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Cite this article:
SIH TSON-YOW;HSING CHUNG-SHU;CHENG SHU-TANG;LEE CHIN-YUAN;CHANG WEN-PO;LI HER-SHENG Institute of Metal Research; Academia Sinica. ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE QUALITY OF BALL-BEARING STEEL L THE EFFECT OF SMELTING AND CASTING PRACTICE ON NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN BALL-BEARING STEEL. Acta Metall Sin, 1959, 4(3): 177-194.
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Abstract The present paper is the first part of a study on the improvement of the quality of ball-bearing steel made in basic electric furnace. The effect of deoxidation and casting practice onnon-metallic inclusions in steel during the steel-making process was studied. It was found that the non-metallic inclusions in ball-bearing steel could be markedly reducedwith the adoption of the following practice: On slagging off before the reducing period, silico-manganese was added for preliminary deoxidation; addition of crushed calcium carbide was thenmade to speed up the formation of carbide slag, which should be kept not less than 40 minutes;after this, ferro-silicon powders or crushed calcium carbide were added for slag deoxidation; slagmust be white before tapping; it is advisable to tap the slag first and then the liquid steel torender them thoroughly mixed in the ladle to facilitate further elimination of non-metallic in-clusions in steel; final addition was carried out by adding not less than 1/2 kilogram of aluminiumper ton of steel. Good-quality ladle linning and runners should be tar-soaked in order to decrease the amountof exogenous inclusions. It was noticed that titanium nitride inclusions in the steel were due tothe presence of titanium in ferro-alloys, the making of high-quality ball-bearing steel calls forthe use of titanium-free ferro-alloys.
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Received: 18 March 1959
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