为了探究类服役工况辐照对Cu-Y2O3铜合金的影响，本工作采用机械合金化与放电等离子烧结技术制备Cu-Y2O3铜合金，随后在450 ℃下进行高能He+辐照，研究He+辐照对Cu-Y2O3铜合金微观结构演化及性能的影响。结果表明，在高能He+辐照作用下Cu-Y2O3铜合金内部逐渐出现He泡、位错环等缺陷，随着注量从1.0 ×
1016 ions/cm2增加至1.0 ×
1017 ions/cm2，He泡的平均尺寸由约7.3
nm增长至19.0 nm，He泡的数密度由3.4 ×
1021 m-3增加至9.2 × 1021 m-3最后降低至2.6 × 1021 m-3，呈现出先增加后降低的趋势，即在较高注量下以He泡的合并为主。辐照诱导位错环的平均尺寸和总数密度从4.65 nm和6.6 ×
1021 m-3分别增加至9.45 nm和8.7 ×
1021 m-3，呈现稳步上升的趋势，Cu-Y2O3铜合金中位错环在辐照硬化过程中有重要贡献。随着注量的增加，辐照缺陷逐渐趋于饱和，材料硬化也趋于饱和。
The development
of fusion energy is an important direction for meeting future energy demands,
and the divertor, as a key component of fusion reactors, operates in harsh
service environments characterized by high heat flux and intense radiation.
Yttrium oxide powder-reinforced (Cu–Y2O3) copper alloy
can effectively capture irradiation defects, suppress their aggregation and
growth, and enhance the radiation resistance of copper-based materials by
introducing highly stable nano-Y2O3 particles into the
matrix. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the service performance of the candidate
heat sink material Cu–Y2O3 under similar working
conditions. To investigate the effects of service-like irradiation on Cu–Y2O3 copper alloy, this study employed mechanical alloying and spark plasma
sintering to prepare the alloy, followed by high-energy He+ irradiation at 450°C to examine the effect of irradiation dose on the microstructural
evolution and properties of the alloy. The results show that under high-energy
He+ irradiation, defects such as He bubbles and dislocation loops
gradually form within the Cu–Y2O3 copper alloy. As the
irradiation dose increases from 1.0 × 1016 to 1.0 × 1017 ions/cm2, the average size of He bubbles increases from approximately
7.3 to 19.0 nm, and the total bubble number density increases from 3.4 × 1021 to 9.2 × 1021 m−3 and finally decreases to 2.6 × 1021 m−3, showing a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease;
that is, the coalescence of He bubbles dominates at high doses. The size and
number density of irradiation-induced dislocation loops increase steadily from
4.65 nm and 6.6 × 1021 m−3 to 9.45 nm and 8.7 × 1021 m−3, respectively. Dislocation loops are a key contributor to
irradiation hardening in Cu–Y2O3 copper alloy. As the
irradiation dose increases, defects gradually reach saturation, and the
material hardening also tends to saturate.
