原位反应粉末冶金铝基复合材料界面研究进展
收稿日期: 2025-09-28
修回日期: 2025-11-07
网络出版日期: 2026-03-02
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20546);国家自然科学基金项目(52025015);国家自然科学基金项目(52130105);国家自然科学基金项目(52422103);国家自然科学基金项目(52201162);天津市自然科学基金项目(22JCZDJC00020);天津市自然科学基金项目(24JCQNJC00150)
Advances in Interface of Powder Metallurgy Aluminum Matrix Composites Fabricated via In Situ Reaction: A Review
Received date: 2025-09-28
Revised date: 2025-11-07
Online published: 2026-03-02
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20546);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025015);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130105);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52422103);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201162);Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(22JCZDJC00020);Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(24JCQNJC00150)
铝基复合材料具有优异的比强度、比模量及良好的导热、导电性能，在航空航天、交通运输等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。原位反应技术能够在Al基体内部生成热力学稳定、界面洁净且结合良好的增强相，显著提升复合材料的综合性能，已成为制备高性能铝基复合材料的重要途径。为深入理解原位反应粉末冶金铝基复合材料的设计原理、界面优化及性能调控，从而促进新一代高性能铝基复合材料的开发，本文阐述了基于原位反应体系采用粉末冶金法制备铝基复合材料的反应机制、增强相的类型及其特性，揭示了原位增强相和Al基体的界面微观结构特征、界面取向关系对界面性能的影响，以及通过界面修饰策略优化界面结合状态的研究进展。同时，本文总结了原位反应复合材料中界面结构对力学行为的影响，并展望了该领域的未来发展方向。
赵乃勤 , 王振博 , 戎旭东 , 赵冬冬 , 何春年 . 原位反应粉末冶金铝基复合材料界面研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2026 , 62(5) : 923 -940 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2025.00291
Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) can be widely employed across fields such as aerospace and transportation owing to their high-specific strength and modulus as well as excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. In situ reaction technology enables the formation of thermodynamically stable reinforcements within the Al matrix, resulting in clean interfaces and strong interfacial bonding that considerably enhance the overall mechanical properties of AMCs. Consequently, this technology has emerged as a pivotal approach for fabricating high-performance AMCs. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the design principles, interface optimization, and performance regulation of powder metallurgy AMCs fabricated via in situ reactions, thereby promoting the development of a new generation of high-performance AMCs. Specifically, the reaction mechanisms as well as reinforcement types and characteristics in various in situ reaction systems developed via powder metallurgy are systematically investigated. In addition, the interfacial microstructure characteristics between in situ reinforcements and the Al matrix are examined, with particular emphasis on the influence of crystallographic orientation relationships on interfacial properties. Moreover, research progress in optimizing interfacial bonding via modification strategies is discussed, and the influence of interfacial structure on the mechanical properties of AMCs is summarized along with an outlook on future development directions.
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