质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)双极板材料耐腐蚀与导电性能的协同优化是实现氢能高效利用的核心挑战。本文系统评述了铝合金、钛合金、奥氏体不锈钢及铁素体不锈钢等金属双极板的性能瓶颈和改性策略：铝合金和钛合金需依赖贵金属涂层(如Au/Ni-P、CrN)以平衡耐腐蚀性能与导电性能，这导致工艺复杂、成本高昂；奥氏体不锈钢通过Cr/Mo协同优化可提升耐腐蚀性能，但其钝化膜增厚导致界面接触电阻超标；铁素体不锈钢虽然抗晶间腐蚀和点蚀能力提高，但延展性较差难以加工成型，且无涂层时其腐蚀电流密度较高。表面涂层(如CrN、导电高分子)技术虽能显著改善不锈钢双极板的耐腐蚀和导电性能，但工艺复杂且耐久性不足。本文回顾了上述各类型双极板材料的优缺点，探讨了通过高Cr铁素体不锈钢的全新合金化策略，使得在改善其成型性的同时还能在无涂层状态下同步改善耐腐蚀和导电性能。最后，对PEMFC双极板材料未来的发展方向进行了展望。

With the advancement of the global carbon neutrality strategy, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), a typical type of low-temperature fuel cell, have been widely applied in transportation power systems, portable power equipment, and distributed energy systems because of their notable technical advantages, including high energy conversion efficiency (> 60%), low operating temperatures (60-80 ^oC), and near-zero carbon dioxide emissions. As a key fuel cell component, the bipolar plate serves several essential functions, including gas distribution, electron conduction, and management of reactant flow fields. The corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of bipolar plates directly determine overall fuel cell performance, including energy conversion efficiency, durability, and manufacturing cost. Therefore, bipolar plates with high corrosion resistance and high conductivity for PEMFCs have recently been the focus of intensive research. This study reviews various metallic bipolar plates, their surface modification strategies, and the resulting performance, including Al/Ti alloys and austenitic/ferritic stainless steels. Both Al and Ti alloys require noble metal coatings, such as Au/Ni-P and CrN, to balance corrosion resistance and conductivity, leading to high costs and complex fabrication processes that hinder commercialization. Although the corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels can be enhanced through synergistic Cr/Mo alloying, the rapid thickening of the passivation layer leads to excessively high interfacial contact resistance during service. In contrast, ferritic stainless steels are prone to intergranular corrosion; however, this can be mitigated through ultralow carbon content and stabilization by Ti/Nb microalloying. Their application in bipolar plates remains constrained because of poor formability and corrosion current densities in the uncoated state that often exceed the target values set by the United States Department of Energy. Although surface coating technologies, such as CrN and conductive polymers, can improve corrosion resistance and conductivity, process complexity and coating durability remain major concerns. Furthermore, this paper introduces a novel alloying strategy for high-Cr ferritic stainless steels used as coating-free bipolar plates, which simultaneously achieves excellent ductility, high corrosion resistance, and high electrical conductivity under simulated PEMFC conditions. Finally, future development directions for PEMFC bipolar plate materials are discussed.