热成形汽车钢的弯曲韧性与氢脆行为研究进展
收稿日期: 2025-09-14
修回日期: 2025-12-18
网络出版日期: 2025-12-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(52130102);国家自然科学基金项目(52425105);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0209900);香港研究资助局项目(C7045-19E);香港研究资助局项目(R7066-18);创新及科技计划项目(MHP/064/20);新基石科学基金会设立的科学探索奖
A Review of Current State and Prospects of the Bendability and Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of Press- Hardening Automobile Steels
Received date: 2025-09-14
Revised date: 2025-12-18
Online published: 2025-12-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130102);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52425105);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0209900);Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(C7045-19E);Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(R7066-18);Innovation and Technology Fund(MHP/064/20);New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE
热成形钢以其高强度、优良的成形性能和能够制造出复杂几何形状零部件等优点，成为实现新能源汽车高安全性和轻量化的关键结构材料之一，广泛应用于汽车安全部件的制造。随着汽车工业对轻量化需求的不断增加，热成形钢正朝着更高强度、塑性和断裂韧性的方向发展。然而，在技术进步的同时，热成形钢在低弯曲韧性和氢脆方面面临的挑战也日益严峻。本文从三个方面总结了热成形钢断裂韧性和氢脆行为的最新研究进展：首先，介绍了热冲压工艺及具有高强韧性的最新热成形材料；其次，总结了当前商用热成形钢关于弯曲韧性的研究，结合材料表面镀层结构和弯曲角评价标准，探讨了镀层钢的结构局限性，并展望了提升镀层热成形钢弯曲性能的未来发展方向；最后，总结了热成形钢氢脆行为的研究进展。从氢脆的产生机理出发，分析并总结了材料内部微观结构和表面镀层等因素对热成形钢抗氢脆性能的影响，并对未来高强度热成形钢抗氢脆设计的研究方向进行展望。
杜德灏 , 管明 , 曹祚恒 , 王铭 , 何斌斌 , 黄明欣 . 热成形汽车钢的弯曲韧性与氢脆行为研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2026 , 62(5) : 959 -974 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2025.00272
Press-hardening steel offers numerous advantages, such as exceptional strength, excellent formability, and the ability to produce complex geometries, making it an essential material for lightweight, high-performance structures in new-energy vehicles. Press-hardening steel is widely used in manufacturing safety components for vehicles. With the escalating demand for lightweight components in the automotive industry, press-hardening steel is evolving toward enhanced strength, ductility, and fracture toughness. However, alongside technological advancements, the challenges faced by press-hardening steel in terms of low bending toughness and hydrogen embrittlement are becoming increasingly severe. This review summarizes the current state and future prospects of press-hardening steel from three key perspectives. Firstly, it describes the press-hardening process and the development of advanced materials with enhanced strength and toughness. Secondly, it reviews recent research on toughening commercial press-hardening steels, examining the interplay between surficial steel coatings and cold-bending-angle standards, addressing the structural limitations of current products, and highlighting future advancements in coatings. Lastly, the paper summarizes the latest research on hydrogen embrittlement in press-hardening steel, starting with the underlying mechanisms of hydrogen-induced damage, while considering factors such as the internal microstructure and surface coating conditions of the steel. The paper concludes by outlining research directions for developing higher-strength press-hardening steels with improved resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
Key words： press-hardening steel; coating; bendability; hydrogen embrittlement
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