镁离子电池凭借其高体积容量和安全性，具有成为新型储能系统的优异潜力。然而，纯Mg阳极的不均匀剥离和较大的过电位会导致严重的点蚀穿孔，从而导致其失效。本工作通过挤压制备出一种具有均质等轴晶组织的 Mg-0.1Sn (质量分数，%)负极材料，从而实现了均匀且快速的Mg沉积/剥离过程。在电流密度为1 mA/cm²、沉积容量为0.5 mA×h/cm²的条件下，过电位仅为 0.21 V，且完成了1000 cyc循环。此外，与 Mo₆S₈ 正极相匹配，组成的全电池在充放电倍率1 C下可循环 1800 cyc，表现出较好的循环稳定性。其优异的循环稳定性主要是由于Sn元素均匀固溶在Mg基体中，并参与了充、放电循环过程，有效缓解了体积膨胀，抑制了微裂纹扩展，同时表面形成的SnCl₂降低了局部Cl^-的浓度，减缓了电解液的腐蚀。

With the global emphasis on renewable energy, the development of large-scale energy storage technologies has become essential for achieving carbon neutrality. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the most widely used and technologically mature energy storage systems; however, resources such as Li, Co, and Ni are scarce in China, resulting in high production costs. Moreover, the growth of lithium dendrites poses serious safety risks, as these structures can penetrate the separator, cause short circuits, and potentially lead to thermal runaway, fires, or explosions. In light of these challenges, while significant progress has been made in developing protection strategies for LIBs, researchers are increasingly exploring alternative metal-ion battery systems, including magnesium-ion, sodium-ion, and zinc-ion batteries. Among these, rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) are considered one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies. Compared with metallic Li, metallic Mg offers a higher volumetric capacity and a relatively low reduction potential. In addition, Mg is more abundant in the Earth's crust and theoretically resistant to dendrite formation under appropriate conditions due to its low self-diffusion barrier. Its chemical stability in air and lower flammability also contribute to improved operational safety. MIBs thus present a promising route toward safe, high-capacity energy storage. However, challenges such as uneven stripping and high overpotential at the Mg anode lead to pitting corrosion and premature failure. To address these issues, a Mg-0.1Sn (mass fraction, %) anode material with a homogeneous equiaxed structure was prepared via extrusion, yielding an average grain size of (15.6 ± 2.4) μm and a texture strength of 17.40 MRD. The electrochemical performance of this alloy was compared with that of a pure magnesium anode to achieve more uniform and rapid Mg deposition/stripping behavior. At a current density of 1.0 mA/cm² and a deposition capacity of 0.5 mAh/cm², the overpotential of the T0-E//T0-E cell was only 0.21 V, maintaining stable operation for up to 1000 cycles, whereas the P-Mg//P-Mg cell sustained only 505 cycles. The T0-E//Cu half-cell also exhibited excellent cycling stability for over 450 cycles with an average coulombic efficiency of 98.88%. In contrast, after 230 cycles, the coulombic efficiency of the P-Mg//Cu cell fluctuated significantly and remained comparatively low. Furthermore, when paired with a Mo₆S₈ cathode, the T0-E//Mo₆S₈ full cell maintained good cycling stability for over 1800 cycles at a rate of 1 C. The superior cycling performance of the Mg–0.1Sn anode is attributed primarily to the uniform solid solution of Sn within the Mg matrix. Furthermore, the Sn component participates in the charge–discharge processes, effectively mitigating volume expansion and suppressing microcrack propagation. Meanwhile, the formation of SnCl₂ on the anode surface reduces the local Cl⁻ concentration, thereby slowing electrolyte corrosion and enhancing overall electrode stability.