随着稀土永磁材料需求量的增加和稀土资源的过度开发，ThMn₁₂型SmFe₁₂基合金得到广泛关注。然而，SmFe₁₂相结构稳定性差，室温下会分解生成α-Fe相而大幅降低合金的矫顽力。本工作采用合金化、纳米化和热处理协同调控SmFe₁₂基块体合金物相组成和微观组织的方法提高合金矫顽力。通过优化Ti掺杂量，得到了接近单相的SmFe_{12 - x}Ti_x铸态合金，合金具有高饱和磁化强度，但是其矫顽力较低。利用高能球磨法制备了SmFe₁₁Ti₁合金的非晶粉末，通过快速热压烧结使非晶粉末晶化得到了具有高比例SmFe₁₂相的纳米晶SmFe₁₂基烧结磁体。匹配高能球磨和快速热压烧结工艺使烧结磁体的矫顽力相比合金铸锭得到了大幅度提升。通过优化热处理工艺调控了合金的晶粒尺寸和物相组成，热处理后合金主相依然为SmFe₁₂相，晶粒尺寸更接近SmFe₁₂的单畴尺寸，从而进一步提高了合金的矫顽力。

With the increasing demand for rare-earth permanent magnetic materials and the over-exploitation of rare-earth resources, ThMn12-type SmFe12-based alloys have attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, the SmFe12 phase has poor structure stability and would decompose to form α-Fe phase at room temperature, drastically reducing the coercivity of the alloy. The difficulty in developing bulk SmFe12-based alloys with high coercivity limits their applications as permanent magnetic materials. In this study, amorphous powder of SmFe12-based alloy was prepared by optimizing the Ti doping amount using the high-energy ball milling method, and nanocrystalline SmFe12-based sintered magnets with a high proportion of the SmFe12 phase were obtained by rapid hot-pressing sintering to crystallize the amorphous powder. The grain size and phase constitution of the alloys were regulated by optimizing the heat treatment process, and the coercivity of the alloys was improved. The method of synergistically tailoring the phase constitution and microstructure of SmFe12-based alloys by alloying, nanocrystallization and heat treatment proposed in this study provides a new approach for the development of high-coercivity SmFe12-based magnets.