高氮奥氏体不锈钢凭借良好的综合性能和绿色、价廉等特点成为钢铁行业的重要材料。然而，其室温屈服强度较低，难以满足大载荷应用需求，亟待开发具有高强度和良好塑性的高氮奥氏体不锈钢。本工作以名义成分为Fe-18.87Cr-10.09Mn-1.12Ni-0.53N-0.18Si-0.04C (质量分数，%)的高氮奥氏体不锈钢作为研究对象，在液氮温度下对其施加压下量为10%的深冷轧制工艺，获得了屈服强度、抗拉强度和均匀延伸率分别为947 MPa、1051 MPa和36%的优异综合力学性能。此结果与由冷轧和退火相结合的传统热机械加工工艺制备的钢铁材料的最优强塑性相当。经深冷轧制得到的材料屈服强度显著提升，是固溶态钢的1.86倍。这主要得益于深冷轧制过程中引入的密集位错亚结构以及由ε-马氏体板条、形变孪晶和具有局部化学有序的板条结构组成的密集片层组织，诱发多种强化机制的协同作用。此外，该材料还保持了良好的均匀延伸率和加工硬化能力，这归因于在塑性变形过程中发生了位错滑移和显著的孪晶诱导塑性效应。本工作证实深冷轧制技术在高氮奥氏体不锈钢的制备和生产过程中具有节约成本、简化工艺和提高效率等显著优势。

High nitrogen austenitic stainless steels have emerged as crucial materials in the steel industry due to their excellent comprehensive properties and their cost-effective and ecofriendly characteristics. However, the yield strength of those alloys at room temperature is limited and fails to meet the requirements for high stress loads. Therefore, high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels having high strength and good ductility are urgently needed. This study focuses on a high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with a nominal composition of Fe-18.87Cr-10.09Mn-1.12Ni-0.53N-0.18Si-0.04C (mass fraction, %). The steel plate was subjected to cryogenic rolling at the liquid nitrogen temperature with a thickness reduction of 10%, achieving exceptional comprehensive mechanical properties, including a yield strength of 947 MPa, a tensile strength of 1051 MPa, and a uniform elongation of 36%. These results are comparable to the optimal strength and ductility obtained by traditional thermomechanical processes including cold rolling and its subsequent annealing. The substantial enhancement in yield strength, which is 1.86 times than that of the homogenized state, is primarily attributed to the dense dislocation substructures and complex lamellar structures composed of ε-martensite laths, the deformation twins, and local chemical order lath structures introduced during the cryogenic rolling process. The structures induce a synergistic effect of multiple strengthening mechanisms. Moreover, the material maintains good uniform elongation and work hardening ability, which can be attributed to dislocation slip and the significant twinning-induced plasticity effect during plastic deformation. The cryogenic rolling technique demonstrated offers remarkable advantages in cost-savings, process simplification, and efficiency improvement in the preparation and production of the high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel.