为探明AlSi10Mg多孔结构在不同加载应变率条件下的承载能力、破坏模式及破坏机理，展开了一系列实验研究、理论分析和数值模拟。通过实验研究明确了该AlSi10Mg多孔结构的损伤破坏模式主要表现为损伤断裂和剪切破坏，且其力学行为对加载应变率不敏感。结合结构损伤分析和高精度数值模拟研究，发现AlSi10Mg多孔结构在轴向压缩载荷作用下沿斜截面相对错动而发生剪切破坏，这一失效模式是导致其结构发生断裂破坏的最直接原因。结合实验研究和理论分析表明，当AlSi10Mg多孔结构应变小于10%时，其在低应变率和中应变率下的吸能特性十分接近；当结构应变大于10%时，其在中应变率下的吸能特性略高于低应变率加载时。在不同高应变率(378~1639 s^-1)加载条件下，该AlSi10Mg多孔结构吸能特性十分接近。

AlSi10Mg is a frequently utilized aluminum alloy known for its low density, high specific strength, strong energy absorption capability, and good impact resistance. It holds significant appeal in the aviation, automotive, and machinery sectors and is particularly used as protective structures for critical aerospace components. In particular, in complex application scenarios, these protective structures are often subjected to impacts from foreign objects at different loading rates. This leads to diverse forms of damage and unpredictable damage patterns, ultimately jeopardizing key components and disrupting the normal operation of associated parts. Herein, through extensive research into the preparation, properties, and factors influencing AlSi10Mg porous structures, an understanding of the intrinsic relationship between the porous metal structure and its properties is revealed. This is important for improving material properties, expanding application possibilities, and promoting scientific and technological advancement. Exploring the application potential of AlSi10Mg porous structures across various fields offers theoretical support and technical guidance for its practical utilization. Moreover, this will provide new insights and methodologies for the future development of aluminum alloys with porous structures. By conducting a series of experimental studies, theoretical analyses, and numerical simulations, the load-bearing capacity, damage modes, and damage mechanisms of the optimized AlSi10Mg porous structures under different loading strain rates were examined. The rusults showed that the predominant damage modes in AlSi10Mg porous structures are fracture and shear damages, and the mechanical behavior is unaffected by the loading strain rates. The combination of structural damage analysis and high-precision numerical simulations revealed that under axial compressive loading, the AlSi10Mg porous structures experiences shear damage caused by relative misalignment along the diagonal cross section. This failure mode is the direct cause of the fracture damage of the structure. Furthermore, combined experimental and theoretical analyses indicated that the energy absorption properties of the AlSi10Mg porous structures are maintained at low and medium strain rates when the strain of the structures is less than 10%. When the strain exceeds 10%, the energy absorption properties at medium strain rates slightly improve compared to those at low strain rates. The energy absorption properties of the AlSi10Mg porous structures remain almost unchanged under different strain rates ranging from 378 to 1639 s^-1.