镁合金抗高温氧化机理研究进展
收稿日期: 2022-10-08
修回日期: 2022-11-23
网络出版日期: 2022-12-12
基金资助
国家科技重大专项项目No.J2019-Ⅷ-0003-0165(J2019-VIII-0003-0165)
Research Progress on the Mechanisms Controlling High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance of Mg Alloys
Received date: 2022-10-08
Revised date: 2022-11-23
Online published: 2022-12-12
Supported by
National Science and Technology Major Project of China(J2019-VIII-0003-0165)
本文简要回顾了国内外镁合金抗高温氧化机理的研究进展，归纳总结了纯Mg的高温氧化机理和镁合金高温氧化热力学与动力学及抗氧化机理，并探讨了先进表征技术在镁合金高温氧化研究中的潜在应用前景，最后展望了耐高温氧化镁合金的发展方向。主要观点如下：镁合金主要是通过形成具有一定厚度、连续且致密的氧化膜来抑制Mg蒸气向外扩散和O的内渗透；镁合金的高温氧化通常与第二相的热稳定性有密切关系；当微量合金元素不足以在表面生成相应氧化物时，可通过形成置换固溶体和反应性元素效应来提高保护作用；具有表面活性的元素会在合金表面富集并减小氧化物尺寸，从而增强氧化层；合金元素的选择性氧化与协同作用对镁合金的抗氧化性能至关重要；在镁合金中加入纳米或微型颗粒可通过减少特定的氧化区域来提高镁合金的高温抗氧化性。未来关于耐高温氧化镁合金的研究可基于以下方面继续深入：应用先进表征技术精准揭示镁合金抗氧化的机理和本质；建立合金元素与氧化膜晶粒尺寸和力学性能的内在关联；设计合理的多合金元素成分体系。
沈朝 , 王志鹏 , 胡波 , 李德江 , 曾小勤 , 丁文江 . 镁合金抗高温氧化机理研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2023 , 59(3) : 371 -386 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00495
This paper briefly reviews the progress on high-temperature oxidation mechanisms of pure Mg and Mg alloys, the thermodynamics and kinetics of high-temperature oxidation of Mg alloys, and the antioxidation mechanism of Mg alloys. The potential of applying advanced characterization techniques in studying the high-temperature oxidation of Mg alloys is envisaged. Finally, the development trends of the oxidation-resistant Mg alloy are also summarized. The main viewpoints are as follows: The protection of magnesium alloys at high temperatures is provided by the formation of a continuous, dense oxide scale that is a specific thickness and prevents the outward diffusion of magnesium vapor and the inward diffusion of oxygen; the oxidation resistance of Mg alloys is usually closely related to the thermal stability of the second phases; when the trace alloy elements are not enough to form the corresponding surface oxide scale, the oxidation resistance can be improved by creating a substitutional solid solution and using the reactive element effect; the size of the oxide grain size decreases and then enhances the oxidation resistance once the surface active elements is enriched on the surface of the alloys; the selective oxidation and synergistic effect of alloying elements are critical to the oxidation resistance of Mg alloys; the addition of nano or microparticles into the Mg alloys improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the Mg alloy by reducing the size of specific oxidation sensitive regions. In the future, the research on the high-temperature oxidation of Mg alloys can be based on the following aspects: Investigating the processes and nature of the oxidation resistance of Mg alloys using cutting-edge characterization techniques; constructing the underlying connections between the alloying elements and the oxide scale grain size and mechanical properties; designing and optimizing multi-alloying element composition systems.
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