低温轧制对高强高导Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金性能及析出行为的影响
收稿日期: 2022-04-17
修回日期: 2022-05-16
网络出版日期: 2022-07-19
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(51971052);国家自然科学基金项目(51927801);国家自然科学基金项目(51690163);国家自然科学基金项目(52001161);辽宁省“兴辽英才”计划项目(XLYC2007183);大连市科技创新基金项目(2020JJ25CY002);大连市科技创新基金项目(2020JJ26GX045)
Effects of Cryorolling on Properties and Precipitation Behavior of a High-Strength and High-Conductivity Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb Alloy
Received date: 2022-04-17
Revised date: 2022-05-16
Online published: 2022-07-19
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51971052);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51927801);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51690163);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52001161);Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2007183);Innovation Foundation of Science and Technology of Dalian City(2020JJ25CY002);Innovation Foundation of Science and Technology of Dalian City(2020JJ26GX045)
随着现代工业中交通、电气、航空航天、电子等领域的快速发展，对铜合金的性能要求越来越高。强度和导电率是相互矛盾的性质，实现铜合金兼具高强度和高导电率是现代铜工业发展的重要课题。采用真空熔炼、低温轧制、时效处理等工艺制备了Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb (质量分数，%)合金，研究了低温轧制对Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金显微组织、力学性能和导电性能的影响，分析了时效工艺对析出相种类、形貌和分布的影响。结果表明，Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金主要由Cr相、富Zr相、Cr2Nb相及Cu基体相组成。450℃短时(30 min)时效后Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金即可析出纳米级fcc结构的Cr析出相，在长时间(300 min)时效后，会形成bcc结构的Cr析出相。Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金经过低温轧制和时效处理后，在Cu基体中形成了纳米析出相、纳米变形孪晶和位错等混合组织并获得了优异的综合性能。低温轧制Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金450℃时效30 min后，抗拉强度为700 MPa，导电率为73.29%IACS；450℃时效300 min后，导电率可达79.81%IACS，此时，抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度分别为646 MPa、606 MPa和212 HV。结合实验结果和对强度贡献计算表明，位错强化和析出强化是Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金的主要强化机制。
关键词： Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金; 低温轧制; 析出相; 强度; 导电率
李龙健 , 李仁庚 , 张家郡 , 曹兴豪 , 康慧君 , 王同敏 . 低温轧制对高强高导Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb合金性能及析出行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2024 , 60(3) : 405 -416 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00180
The performance requirements for copper alloys are increasing with the rapid development of transportation, electrical, aerospace, and electronics in modern industry. Cu-Cr-Zr alloy has exceptional strength and electrical conductivity as typical precipitation strengthening copper alloy. Strength and conductivity are mutually exclusive properties. The goal of realizing the high strength and conductivity of copper is a crucial subject in modern copper industry development. In this study, the effects of cryorolling on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy were examined and the effects of numerous aging processes on the type, morphology, and distribution of precipitates were investigated. The findings depict that the Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy primarily comprised the Cr phase, Zr-rich phase, Cr2Nb phase, and Cu matrix phase. The fcc Cr nanoprecipitates can be precipitated in Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy after aging at 450oC for 30 min. The bcc Cr nanoprecipitates can be formed after aging at 450oC for 300 min. After cryorolling and aging treatment, the mixed structures, such as nanoprecipitation phase, nanodeformation twins, and dislocations in the Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy are produced and this alloy demonstrates remarkable comprehensive properties. The tensile strength of 700 MPa and electrical conductivity of 73.29%IACS were attained for the cryorolled Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy after aging at 450oC for 30 min; after aging at 450oC for 300 min, the conductivity can reach 79.81%IACS, and the corresponding tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness are 646 MPa, 606 MPa, and 212 HV, respectively. Combining the experimental findings with the computations of contribution to strengthening, it can reasonably be inferred that dislocation and precipitation strengthening were the primary strengthening mechanisms of Cu-1Cr-0.2Zr-0.25Nb alloy.
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